2019年教師資格證《初中英語(yǔ)》專項(xiàng)突破：閱讀理解_第4頁(yè)

　四、猜測(cè)詞義題

　　這類考題包括對(duì)生詞生義的推測(cè)、熟詞生義的推測(cè)。提問(wèn)的方式主要有：

　　1. What does the underlined word “...” in the first paragraph mean?

　　2. Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the underlined word?

　　3. The underlined word “...” could best be replaced by________.

　　4. According to the passage, the underlined word “...” is the closest in meaning to “_____”.

　　猜詞題的解題方法：

　　1. 根據(jù)并列關(guān)系：由并列連詞 and 確定生詞的義域，推知它的大致意義。

　　2. 根據(jù)選擇關(guān)系：由選擇連詞 or 推知前面或后面的詞義。

　　3. 根據(jù)同位或解釋關(guān)系：通過(guò)生詞后的定語(yǔ)、表語(yǔ)、同位語(yǔ)、逗號(hào)、括號(hào)、破折號(hào)等的解

　　釋說(shuō)明來(lái)推測(cè)其意思。

　　4. 根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系：表示轉(zhuǎn)折的詞有 but, however, otherwise, though 等;

　　5. 根據(jù)因果關(guān)系：既可由因推果;也可由果推因。表示因果關(guān)系的有 because, so that,

　　so/such...that...等。

　　6. 根據(jù)列舉實(shí)例：根據(jù) such as, for example 等后列舉的實(shí)例可推測(cè)出前面某個(gè)詞語(yǔ)的意思。

　　7. 根據(jù)構(gòu)詞法推測(cè)詞義，有些詞根詞綴可以幫助我們推測(cè)詞義。

　　【現(xiàn)場(chǎng)訓(xùn)練】

　　Passage 1

　　On the other hand, why do some medical-studies show changes in the brain cells of some people

　　who use mobile phones? Signs of change in the tissues of the brain and head can be detected with

　　modern scanning equipment. In one case, a traveling salesman had to retire at a young age because of

　　serious memory loss, He couldn't remember even simple tasks. He would often forget the name of his

　　own son. This man used to talk on his mobile phone for about six hours a day, every day of his

　　working week, for a couple of years. His family doctor blamed his mobile phone use, but his

　　employer's doctor didn't agree.

　　The word “detected” in paragraph 3 could be best replaced by ________.

　　A. cured B removed C.discovered D. caused

　　【解析】根據(jù)上下文，“腦組織的變化”和“現(xiàn)代掃描儀器”之間的關(guān)系，顯然“發(fā)現(xiàn)”最為恰

　　當(dāng)。應(yīng)對(duì)此類題目，準(zhǔn)確定位、回歸語(yǔ)境最為重要。

　　Passage 2

　　If you wanted to learn about bears for a science class report, for example, you could use the

　　"novice" setting to get basic information about the animals. On the "expert" setting, on the other hand,

　　you could get much more detailed information about the history, literature, and exploration of bears.

　　The word “novice” in paragraph 5 could be best replaced by ________.

　　A. scientist B. creator C. beginner D. expert

　　【解析】“on one hand”和“on the other hand”是一對(duì)表對(duì)比的兩方面，因此可以推知“novice”

　　是“expert”的反義詞，即 beginner。