Questions 26 to 30 are based on the following passage:?

　　An important new industry, oil refining, grew after the Civil War. Crude oil, or petroleum—a dark, thick ooze(滲出物，分泌物)from the earth—had been known for hundreds of years. But little use had ever been made of it. In the 1850’s Samuel M. Kier, a manufacturer in western Pennsylvania, began collecting the oil from local seepage and refining it into kerosene. Refining, like smelting, is a process of removing impurities from a raw material. ?

　　Kerosene was used to light lamps. It was a cheap substitute for whale oil, which was becoming harder to get. Soon there was a large demand for kerosene. People began to search for new supplies of petroleum.?

　　The first oil well was drilled by E.L.Drake,a retired railroad conductor.In 1859 he began drilling in Titusville,Pennsylvania.The cet6w.com so impractical and foolish that onlookers called it“Drake’s Folly.”But when he had drilled down about 70 feet(21 meters),Drake struck oil.His well began to yield 20 barrels of crude oil a day. ?

　　News of Drake’s success brought oil prospectors to the scene. By the early 1860’s these wildcatters were drilling for “black gold” all over western Pennsylvania. The boom rivaled the California gold rush of 1848 in its excitement and Wild West atmosphere. And it brought far more wealth to the prospectors than any gold rush. ?Crude oil could be refined into many products. For some years kerosene continued to be the principal one. It was sold in grocery stores and door-to-door. In the 1880’s and 1890’s refiners learned how to make other products such as waxes and lubricating oils. Petroleum was not then used to make gasoline or heating oil.?

　　26.According to the passage, many people initially thought that E. L. Drake had made a mistake by ____.?

　　A) moving Pennsylvania?

　　B) retiring from his job?

　　C) searching for oil?

　　D) going on a whaling expedition?

　　27.According to the passage, what is “black gold”??

　　A) Gold ore. B) Sstolen money.?C) Whale oil. D) Crude oil.?

　　28.Why does the author mention the California gold rush??

　　A) To indicate the extent of United States mineral wealth.?

　　B) To argue that gold was more valuable than oil.?

　　C) To describe the mood when oil was first discovered.?

　　D) To explain the need for an increased supply of gold.?

　　29.The author mentions all of the following as possible products of crude oil EXCEPT____.?

　　A) gasoline B) kerosene?C) wax D) plastic?

　　30.What might be the best title for the passage??

　　A) Oil Refining: A Historical Perspective.?

　　B) Kerosene Lamps: A Light in the Tunnel.?

　　C) The California Gold Rush: Get Rich Quickly.?

　　D) Private Property: Trespassers Will Be Prosecuted.?

　　內(nèi)容概要:?本文講述的美國內(nèi)戰(zhàn)后發(fā)展起來的新興工業(yè)--煉油業(yè)的相關(guān)情況。19世紀50年代一位名叫Samuel M. Kier的人首次煉出了煤油。它的出現(xiàn)取代了鯨油供人們電燈照明。E. L. Drake是第一個鉆井成功的人。他的成功為以后大量的勘探者帶來了取之不盡的財富。?

　　26.【答案】C。?

　　【譯文】許多人開始時認為E. L. Drake搜尋石油的做法是錯誤的。?

　　【試題分析】細節(jié)辨析題，通過理解原文即可推理得知答案。?

　　【詳細解答】根據(jù)文章第三段對該事件的描述，得知E. L. Drake這位退休列車長試圖在 Pennsylvania 的Titusville鉆井，但旁觀者認為其行為很不現(xiàn)實甚至很愚蠢，直到他打到70英尺深處打出石油。因此，答案應(yīng)是C。?

　　27.【答案】D。?

　　【譯文】根據(jù)文章內(nèi)容，black gold(黑色黃金)指的是“原油”。?

　　【試題分析】細節(jié)辨析題，通過理解原文即可推理得知答案。?

　　【詳細解答】文章第一段第二句話對原油進行了明確的介紹：原油也叫石油，是地下的一種黑色滲出物。這里的“黑色滲出物”也就是第3段談到的E. L. Drake試圖開采的東西，即第4段所謂的black gold(黑色黃金)。因此，正確答案是D。?

　　28.【答案】C。?

　　【譯文】作者提到加州的淘金熱，目的是描述石油被首次發(fā)現(xiàn)時帶給人們的激動情緒。?

　　【試題分析】綜合分析推理題，通過理解原文即可推理得知答案。?

　　【詳細解答】文章第4段提到加州淘金熱時，原文寫道：The boom rivaled the California gold rush of 1848 in its excitement...意思是說(當時人們投入開采“黑色黃金”的)熱潮可以與1848年的加州淘金熱相媲美。這顯然是為了向讀者描述石油被首次發(fā)現(xiàn)時帶給人們的激動情緒，因此選C。?

　　29.【答案】D。?

　　【譯文】作者在文中提到由原油生產(chǎn)出的產(chǎn)品不包括塑料。?

　　【試題分析】細節(jié)辨析題，通過理解原文即可推理得知答案。?

　　【詳細解答】根據(jù)文章第一段就得知煤油(B. kerosene)是原油提煉出來的;再根據(jù)文章最后一段，得知汽油(A. gasoline)和蠟(C. wax)也是由原油生產(chǎn)而來，所以本題的正確答案應(yīng)是D。?

　　30.【答案】A。?

　　【譯文】可以作為本文題目的是：煉油的歷史變遷。?

　　【試題分析】綜合分析歸納推論題，根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容歸納總結(jié)得出答案。?

　　【詳細解答】根據(jù)全文內(nèi)容，本文主要是介紹煉油的歷史，正確答案是A。選項B, C, D的中心詞分別是“煤油燈”、“加州淘金熱”、“私有財產(chǎn)”，顯然都不妥。