Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage.

　　Today's consumer wants unique and beautiful handcrafted objects to wear and to have for home environment. Each consumer is an individual. He prefers objects which are unique and he demands quality. Craftsmen today are meeting this demand. People and homes are showing great change as a result of the unique handcrafted items available.

　　Crafts are big business. No longer does a cet6w.com to work in a job he dislikes all day and then try to create at night and on weekends. He has earned his professional status. He is now a respected, contributing member of today's society.

　　Part of the fun of being a craftsman is meeting other craftsmen. They are interesting, exciting people, young or old. They love to share their ideas and materials and to help others find markets for their works. They enjoy teaching others their special skills.

　　Craftsmen have helped educate consumers to make wise choices. They help them become aware of design and technique. They help them relate their choice to its intended use. They often involve the consumer in trying the craft himself.

　　Some crafts are done in leisure time for pleasure or for extra income. More and more are done seriously for total income. Learning the marketing of crafts is important to all who wish to earn a living by their talent and skill.

　　Craftsmen often exchange ideas and resources. As this group expands to include more members with like interests and standards, a small craft organization is formed. Later these groups may become a chapter of a state guild if cet6w.com standards required by the guild. Many opportunities are then available: training workshops in special media, craft marketing techniques, craft fairs and sales-festivals, TV appearances, and demonstrations.

　　State arts councils help in partially sponsoring local arts and crafts festivals. Often they will help a new organization with some beginning workshops. Some state arts councils help with marketing training. Both guilds and small craft groups working together bring special status to their state. They draw crowds of tourist consumers to attend their festivals and fairs. This boosts the economy of the area considerably because the tourists not only buy crafts, but also use the restaurants and motels and other services of the area.

　　Historical villages, country stores, privately owned shops, and galleries are a few outlets that have developed to sell the quality products of local craftsmen.

　　36. The author implies in the second paragraph that ______.

　　(A) a good craftsman nowadays can devote most of his day to creating

　　(B) craftsmen have always been regarded with respect

　　(C) crafts used to be done in the daytime

　　(D) craftsmen do not have to work as hard as they used to

　　37. Craftsmen have helped consumers to ______.

　　(A) appreciate the beauty of handcrafted objects (B) appraise the quality of handcrafted objects

　　(C) gain some basic knowledge about crafts (D) select proper handcrafted objects

　　38. If a craftsman wants to live on his skills, he has to ______.

　　(A) join a craft organization (B) be good at selling

　　(C) consult the state arts council (D) exchange ideas and resources with other craftsmen

　　39. Specifically, “guild” (Line 2, Para. 6) refers to ______.

　　(A) an organization of workers which represents their interests

　　(B) a society which has been formed for political reasons

　　(C) a foundation which provides money for a special purpose

　　(D) an association of skilled workers who have similar interests

　　40. Which of the following can best serve as the title of the text?

　　(A) Craftsmen: Past & Present. (B) Crafts: For Whom Are They Made?

　　(C) Crafts: Booming Business. (D) Craftsmen: People in the Know.

　　Passage Four

　　文章精要：文章通過簡單地對比過去和現(xiàn)在的手工業(yè)者， 重點講述了現(xiàn)在人們對手工業(yè)的態(tài)度以及手工業(yè)的現(xiàn)狀。并指出現(xiàn)在的手工業(yè)者通常會聯(lián)合起來， 在行業(yè)協(xié)會和國家藝術(shù)委員會的幫助下共同發(fā)展。

　　36. A 推斷題。由文章第二段第二句可知， 一位好的工匠不必再整天從事自己不喜歡的工作， 而只是晚上或周末來創(chuàng)作， 因此可推知現(xiàn)在工匠可以把一天中的大部分時間用于創(chuàng)作， 所以A正確。

　　37. D 細節(jié)題。由文章第四段首句中的make wise choices(做出聰明的選擇)可知， D“選擇合適的手工制品”正確。雖然文章提到手工藝人也教顧客了解手工藝品的design and technique， 但并未明確指出這是關(guān)于手工藝品的基本知識， 故排除C。

　　38. B 推斷題。文章第五段最后一句指出， 學(xué)習(xí)營銷(marketing)對手工業(yè)者來說很重要， 由此推斷， B正確。

　　39. D 語義題。由文章第六段第二、 三句可知該組織的成員有相似的興趣和標(biāo)準(zhǔn)， 所以D正確。

　　40. A 主旨題。通觀全文可知， 作者主要在寫手工藝者社會生活的發(fā)展--從在業(yè)余時間賺錢， 到專門從事手工業(yè)， 再到后來成立行會， 所以A正確。