練習(xí)

　　1.The Canadian government has reduced its subsidies to the agricultural industry, making it necessary for farmers to introduce more profitable crops and more livestock production, which is generally more profitable.

　　2.Mechanization, increasing capitalization, and corporate organization became characteristic of American farming in the twentieth century.

　　3.Wheat is the single most important crop in Canada, and the Prairie Provinces of Alberta, Manitoba, and Saskatchewan form one of the greatest wheat-growing areas of the world, producing more than one-fifth of the world's supply.

　　4.Recent outbreaks of devastating diseases around the world (including mad cow disease, foot and mouth disease and bird flu) and concerns over bioterrorism reinforce the low-risk, science- based approach to quarantine and biosecurity policy.

　　5.FAO's work to promote rural development and achieve food security is integral to our efforts to attain sustainable development in its social, economic and environmental aspects, within the overarching framework of United Nations System activities. Rural and agricultural development should be an integral part of national and international development policies.

　　6.The British Isles are surrounded by comparatively shallow seas which are rich fishing-grounds, and the British fishing industry is one of the most important in the world.

　　7.Australia is the world's largest exporter of wool, the second largest exporter of meat, the third largest exporter of wheat and a major international supplier of sugar, dairy products, fruits, cotton and rice.

　　8.Scientific methods of farming, including development of sturdy, disease-resistant hybrid seeds and the use of machines, are responsible for the production increase.

　　9.Scientists today are giving more attention to environmental concerns by helping small farmers and farmers working on barely productive lands.

　　10.Twenty years ago, and in the face of growing populations and food shortages in South Asia, India and Pakistan launched the " Green Revolution" by introducing highly productive varieties of wheat and rice, and employing new methods in the use of more and better chemical fertilizers, improved irrigation, and pesticides.

　　答案

　　1.由于加拿大政府降低了對農(nóng)業(yè)的補(bǔ)貼，迫使農(nóng)戶引進(jìn)經(jīng)濟(jì)效益更好的作物和通常收益較高的家畜。

　　2.機(jī)械化、資本額增長和合作組織成為20世紀(jì)美國農(nóng)業(yè)的特點(diǎn)。

　　3.小麥?zhǔn)羌幽么笞钪匾�的作物。艾伯塔、馬尼托巴、薩斯喀徹溫等省份草原遍布，是全世界最大的小麥種植區(qū)之一，產(chǎn)量超過全球的五分之一。

　　4.最近全球多種疫情肆虞(包括瘋牛病、口蹄疫和禽流感)，生物恐怖主義威脅加重，迫使加強(qiáng)檢疫和生物安全政策中采納科學(xué)的低風(fēng)險(xiǎn)措施。

　　5.糧農(nóng)組織為促進(jìn)農(nóng)村發(fā)展和實(shí)現(xiàn)糧食安全而開展工作，這是我們在聯(lián)合國系統(tǒng)總的活動(dòng)范圍內(nèi)，努力實(shí)現(xiàn)社會、經(jīng)濟(jì)和環(huán)境方面可持續(xù)發(fā)展的重要組成部分。農(nóng)村和農(nóng)業(yè)發(fā)展應(yīng)當(dāng)成為國家和國際發(fā)展政策不可分割的部分。

　　6.不列顛諸島被淺海包圍，漁業(yè)資源豐富。英國捕魚業(yè)在世界上占有重要地位。

　　7.澳大利亞羊毛出口居世界第一，肉類第二，小麥第三;還是主要的蔗糖、奶制品、水果、棉花和水稻出口國。

　　8.產(chǎn)量增長的根本原因在于科學(xué)種田法，它包括培植強(qiáng)壯抗病雜交種子和使用機(jī)械進(jìn)行耕作。

　　9.今天科學(xué)家更加注重環(huán)境，常常幫助小農(nóng)戶和在貧瘠土地上耕作的農(nóng)戶。

　　10.20年前，南亞面臨人口增長食物短缺的危機(jī)，印度和巴基斯坦啟動(dòng)了“綠色革命”，引進(jìn)各種高產(chǎn)小麥和水稻，采用新方法，增加優(yōu)質(zhì)化肥的使用，改進(jìn)灌溉和殺蟲劑。