練習(xí)

　　l. The presence of affluent ecotourists encourages the development of destructive markets in wildlife souvenirs, such as the sale of coral trinkets on tropical islands and animal products in Asia, contributing to illegal harvesting and poaching from the environment.

　　2. In the space of a few decades, tourism has become one of the major cultural and economic forces in the world today.

　　3. For many countries, ecotourism is not simply an activity to finance protection of the environment but as a major industry of the national economy.

　　4. Tourists recognize that if they travel with sensitivity to the environment, they will not only contribute to conservation but also become educated about a new habitat, country, or culture.

　　5. One of the basic tenets of ecotourism is to engage local communities so they benefit from conservation, economic development and education.

　　6. Ecotourism, in partnership with research, has the potential to significantly affect forest conservation in many positive ways. The question of sustainability remains unanswered because many sites with nature-based tourism are relatively new and the long-term impacts have yet to be measured.

　　7. Ecotourism has attracted increasing attention in recent years, not only as an alternative to mass tourism, but as a means of economic development and environmental conservation.

　　8. Definitions of both tourism and tourist are subject to debate, since a simple definition of tourism such as "traveling for pleasure" merely invites a second wave of questions.

　　9. Ecotourism development differs from mainstream development efforts in that, aside from start- up loans, much or all of the continuing financial support comes from tourists rather than from governments or development agencies.

　　10. The negative consequences of conventional tourism to local communities are well known, including excessive development, degradation of ecosystems, cultural homogenization, and the concentration of economic benefits in outside hands.

　　答案

　　1. 腰包鼓鼓的生態(tài)旅游者的到來(lái)，帶動(dòng)了野生動(dòng)物紀(jì)念品市場(chǎng)的毀滅性發(fā)展，諸如熱帶島嶼的珊瑚飾件和亞洲動(dòng)物產(chǎn)品的銷售，滋長(zhǎng)了在自然壞境的非法采獲和偷獵行為。

　　2. 短短幾十年間，旅游已經(jīng)成為當(dāng)今世界一支主要的文化和經(jīng)濟(jì)力量。

　　3. 對(duì)于許多國(guó)家而言，生態(tài)旅游不只是一項(xiàng)為環(huán)境保護(hù)提供經(jīng)濟(jì)支持的活動(dòng)，而是國(guó)民經(jīng)濟(jì)中的重要產(chǎn)業(yè)。

　　4. 旅游者認(rèn)識(shí)到如果他們帶著對(duì)環(huán)境的敏感性去旅行，不僅有助于環(huán)境保護(hù)，還會(huì)對(duì)一個(gè)新的棲息地、國(guó)家和文化有更深的了解。

　　5. 生態(tài)旅游的一個(gè)基本主旨是鼓勵(lì)當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)的參與，使之能從環(huán)境保護(hù)、經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和教育中獲益。

　　6. 生態(tài)旅游與研究相結(jié)合，可能對(duì)森林保護(hù)產(chǎn)生多方面的積極影響�？沙掷m(xù)發(fā)展的問(wèn)題依然沒(méi)有解決，因?yàn)橄鄬?duì)而言，許多基于自然的旅游景點(diǎn)是新的，其長(zhǎng)期影響還有待評(píng)估。

　　7. 生態(tài)旅游近年來(lái)日益受到關(guān)注，因?yàn)樗�不僅是大眾旅游之外的另一種選擇，而且也是發(fā)展經(jīng)濟(jì)、保護(hù)環(huán)境的途徑之一。

　　8. 關(guān)于“旅游”和“游客”的定義存在著爭(zhēng)議，因?yàn)榻o“旅游”一詞下簡(jiǎn)單的定義，如“為了享受而旅行”，只會(huì)招來(lái)更多的疑問(wèn)。

　　9. 發(fā)展生態(tài)旅游不同于主流的做法，因?yàn)槌�了啟�?dòng)資金之外，它的后續(xù)資金大多或者完全來(lái)自游客，而非政府或者開(kāi)發(fā)機(jī)構(gòu)。

　　10.傳統(tǒng)旅游業(yè)對(duì)當(dāng)?shù)厣鐣?huì)造成的消極后果已經(jīng)廣為人知，其中包括過(guò)度開(kāi)發(fā)，生態(tài)系統(tǒng)惡化，文化同質(zhì)化，以及經(jīng)濟(jì)收益流人外人之手等。