6. Of the three speech acts a speaker might be performing simultaneously when speaking， linguists are most interested in the ______ act because it is identical with the speaker’s intention. (      )

A. performative                                              B. constative

C. illocutionary                                               D. perlocutionary

7. Middle English began with the arrival of the Norman French invaders in England under William the Conqueror in 1066. For about a century and a half after the Norman Conquest， Middle English was heavily influenced by French，most noticeably in large and central areas of ______. (      )

A. vocabulary                                                 B. pronunciation

C. morphology                                               D. syntax

8. Depending on the demands of a particular communicative situation，bilingual or multilingual speakers may change between language varieties in the middle of speech or even in the middle of a sentence. Such a situation is known as ______. (      )

A. bilingualism                                                B. multilingualism

C. diglossia                                                    D. code-switching

9. Language disorder resulting from a damage to ______ area in the brain reveals word-finding difficulties and problems with syntax. (      )

A. Wernicke’s                                                B. Broca’s

C. Gage’s                                                       D. Genie’s

10. Studies on the effects of formal instruction on second language acquisition show that formal instruction may help learners perform some types of tasks EXCEPT ______. (      )

A. planned speech                                           B. writing

C. career-oriented exam                                  D. casual and spontaneous conversation