第二部分 中英對(duì)照

　　Explain how the examples of tying shoes and learningto type demonstrate the principle of audienceeffects.

　　請(qǐng)說明：系鞋帶和學(xué)習(xí)系鞋帶的例子是如何體現(xiàn)觀眾效應(yīng)的相關(guān)原則。

　　Now read the passage about the nature of socialinteraction.

　　現(xiàn)在，請(qǐng)閱讀一篇關(guān)于社會(huì)干預(yù)本質(zhì)的文章。

　　You will have 45 seconds to read the passage. Beginreading now.

　　你將有45秒鐘的時(shí)間來閱讀這篇文章。閱讀現(xiàn)在開始。

　　Now listen to part of the talk in the sociology class.

　　現(xiàn)在，請(qǐng)聽部分社會(huì)學(xué)的講課內(nèi)容。

　　The professor is discussing audience effects.

　　老師正在討論觀眾效應(yīng)的相關(guān)問題。

　　Okay, so we said that the way we interact others has an impact on our behavior.

　　好的，我們之前提到過人與人之間的交流會(huì)對(duì)彼此的行為產(chǎn)生影響。

　　In fact, there is some interesting research to suggest that in one type of interaction, when weare being observed, specifically, when we know we are being watched as we performed someactivity, we tend to increase the speed at which we perform that activity.

　　事實(shí)上，某項(xiàng)很有意思的研究表明，其中一種人與人之前的交流方式，也就是我們被別人觀察的時(shí)候，再具體一點(diǎn)，也就是我們意識(shí)到自己被別人注視的時(shí)候，比如我們?cè)诒硌菽承┗顒?dòng)時(shí)。這時(shí)，我們傾向于加快表演活動(dòng)的速度。

　　In one study, college students were asked to each put on a pair of shoes, shoes with laces theywould have to tie.

　　在某項(xiàng)研究中，要求每位大學(xué)生穿鞋子。鞋子有鞋帶，所以學(xué)生們還需要系鞋帶。

　　Now, one group of students was told that they would be observed.

　　現(xiàn)在，其中的一組學(xué)生被告知研究人員將要觀察他們的行為。

　　The second group, however, didn't know they were being observed.

　　然而，第二組并不知情自己受到觀察。

　　The students who were aware that they were being watched, actually tied their shoes muchfaster than the students who thought their were alone.

　　事實(shí)上，那些知道自己被觀察的學(xué)生系鞋帶的速度遠(yuǎn)快于那些以為自己只是獨(dú)自系鞋帶沒有人觀察自己的學(xué)生。

　　Other studies confirm the same is true, even when we are learning new activities.

　　其他的研究也證實(shí)這個(gè)結(jié)論(一樣的結(jié)論)是正確的，甚至當(dāng)我們?cè)趯W(xué)習(xí)新的活動(dòng)時(shí)，這樣的結(jié)論也同樣適用。

　　Let's say someone is learning a new task, for example, learning how to type.

　　讓我們來說說某人在學(xué)習(xí)一項(xiàng)新的任務(wù)，比如，學(xué)習(xí)如何打字。

　　When they are conscious of being observed, they'll likely begin typing at a much faster ratethan they would if they were alone.

　　當(dāng)他們意識(shí)到有人觀察自己時(shí)，他們的打字速度更可能會(huì)遠(yuǎn)快于自己單獨(dú)一個(gè)人時(shí)的打字速度。

　　But and this is interesting, the study also showed that certain common behavior, things peopletypically do like making mistakes when you're learning something new.

　　但是還有很有意思的一點(diǎn)是，研究同樣表明某些人類共有的行為，比如當(dāng)人們?cè)趯W(xué)習(xí)新東西的時(shí)候，大家通常都是會(huì)犯錯(cuò)誤的。

　　That behavior pattern will also increase.

　　(研究表明)這種行為模式的發(fā)生幾率也會(huì)增大。

　　So in other words, when we are learning to type, and we know we are being watched, we alltype faster but we'll also make more mistakes.

　　所以，換句話說，當(dāng)我們學(xué)習(xí)打字的時(shí)候，當(dāng)我們知道有人在觀察自己的時(shí)候，我們都傾向于打得更快，但同時(shí)我們也會(huì)犯更多錯(cuò)誤。