Passage 1

　　【語篇導(dǎo)讀】 麻疹是一種原本在美國(guó)徹底消失的疾病,但最近正在卷土重來,主要原因是一些人拒絕注射麻疹疫苗。事實(shí)上,只有所有人都參與進(jìn)來,群體免疫才會(huì)有效果。

　　1.The first two paragraphs suggest that 　　　.

　　A.a small number of measles cases can start a dangerous trend

　　B.the outbreak of measles attracts the public attention

　　C.anti-vaccine movement has its medical reasons

　　D.information about measles spreads quickly

　　答案　A

　　解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“The numbers might sound small,but they are the leading edge of a dangerous trend.”可推斷出,麻疹患者的數(shù)量雖然不算多,但是很有可能會(huì)引發(fā)危險(xiǎn)。

　　2.Herd immunity works well when 　　　.

　　A.exemptions are allowed

　　B.several vaccines are used together

　　C.the whole neighborhood is involved in

　　D.new regulations are added to the state laws

　　答案　C

　　解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第一句“But herd immunity works only when nearly the whole herd joins in.”可知,只有所有人群都參與進(jìn)來,群體免疫才能最大限度地發(fā)揮效用。

　　3.What is the main reason for the comeback of measles?

　　A.The overuse of vaccine.

　　B.The lack of medical care.

　　C.The features of measles itself.

　　D.The vaccine opt-outs of some people.

　　答案　D

　　解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第三段第一句可知,麻疹卷土重來的主要原因是一些人拒絕注射麻疹疫苗。

　　4.What is the purpose of the passage?

　　A.To introduce the idea of exemption.

　　B.To discuss methods to cure measles.

　　C.To stress the importance of vaccination.

　　D.To appeal for equal rights in medical treatment.

　　答案　C

　　解析　推理判斷題。通讀全文內(nèi)容可知,作者寫這篇文章的目的是強(qiáng)調(diào)接種疫苗的重要性。

　　【長(zhǎng)難句分析】This is called “herd immunity”,which protects the people who get hurt easily,including those who can’t be vaccinated for medical reasons,babies too young to get vaccinated and people on whom the vaccine doesn’t work.

　　這就是所謂的“群體免疫”,它能保護(hù)那些容易受傷的人,包括那些由于醫(yī)學(xué)原因不能接種疫苗的人,太小而不能接種疫苗的嬰兒和疫苗不起作用的人。

　　本句結(jié)構(gòu)比較復(fù)雜。which引導(dǎo)的是非限制性定語從句,第一個(gè)who引導(dǎo)的是定語從句,修飾the people,在including引導(dǎo)的短語中,who引導(dǎo)的是限制性定語從句,修飾those,on whom是“介詞+關(guān)系代詞”結(jié)構(gòu),引導(dǎo)限制性定語從句,修飾people。

Passage 2

　　【語篇導(dǎo)讀】本文報(bào)道了意大利最近采取的一項(xiàng)限制移民的措施,即要求移民通過一項(xiàng)語言考試來獲得工作條件甚至居民身份。

　　1.Why does Cojochru have to take a language test?

　　A.To continue to stay in Italy.

　　B.To teach her children Italian.

　　C.To find a better job in Italy.

　　D.To better mix with the Italians.

　　答案　A

　　解析　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“...in order to stay she’s had to prove her language skills by taking a test...” 可知她參加考試的原因是要繼續(xù)留在意大利,故A項(xiàng)正確。

　　2.Some people worry that the new language requirement may 　　　.

　　A.reduce Italy’s population quickly

　　B.cause conflicts among people

　　C.lead to financial difficulties

　　D.put pressure on schools

　　答案　B

　　解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段中的“Some immigrant advocates worry that as hard financial times make it more difficult for natives to keep jobs,such measures will become more a vehicle for intolerance than integration.”可知,糟糕的經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況已經(jīng)讓本土人很難保住工作,而這樣一項(xiàng)措施使得移民壓力變大,可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致排外而不是融合,故B項(xiàng)正確。

　　3.What do we know about Cojochru?

　　A.She lives with her sister now in Italy.

　　B.She enjoys learning the Italian language.

　　C.She speaks Italian well enough for her job.

　　D.She wishes to go back to her home country.

　　答案　C

　　解析　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“...she’s stayed in the country for years and can speak the local language fluently...”可知,她能熟練地講意大利語,故C項(xiàng)正確。B項(xiàng)在文中未提到;A、D兩項(xiàng)和文章倒數(shù)第二段內(nèi)容矛盾。

　　【長(zhǎng)難句分析】Some immigrant advocates worry that as hard financial times make it more difficult for natives to keep jobs,such measures will become more a vehicle for intolerance than integration(融合).

　　一些移民倡導(dǎo)者擔(dān)心,由于經(jīng)濟(jì)困難時(shí)期使本地人更加難以保持工作,這些措施將成為不寬容而不是融合的機(jī)會(huì)。

　　本句是一個(gè)復(fù)合句。that引導(dǎo)的是賓語從句,在賓語從句中有一個(gè)as引導(dǎo)的原因狀語從句,it是形式賓語,代替后面的動(dòng)詞不定式短語。