2006年5月翻譯考試英語(yǔ)初級(jí)筆譯實(shí)務(wù)真題及答案

　試題部分：

　　Section 1: English-Chinese Translation (英譯漢) (60 points)

　　Translate the following passage into Chinese. The time for this section is 120 minutes.

　　Freed by warming, waters once locked beneath ice are gnawing at coastal settlements around the Arctic Circle.

　　In Bykovsky, a village of 457 on Russia's northeast coast, the shoreline is collapsing, creeping closer and closer to houses and tanks of heating oil, at a rate of 15 to 18 feet a year.

　　"It is practically all ice - permafrost - and it is thawing." For the four million people who live north of the Arctic Circle, a changing climate presents new opportunities. But it also threatens their environment, their homes and, for those whose traditions rely on the ice-bound wilderness, the preservation of their culture.

　　A push to develop the North, quickened by the melting of the Arctic seas, carries its own rewards and dangers for people in the region. The discovery of vast petroleum fields in the Barents and Kara Seas has raised fears of catastrophic accidents as ships loaded with oil and, soon, liquefied gas churn through the fisheries off Scandinavia, headed to markets in Europe and North America. Land that was untouched could be tainted by pollution as generators, smokestacks and large vehicles sprout to support the growing energy industry.

　　Coastal erosion is a problem in Alaska as well, forcing the United States to prepare to relocate several Inuit villages at a projected cost of $100 million or more for each one.

　　Across the Arctic, indigenous tribes with traditions shaped by centuries of living in extremes of cold and ice are noticing changes in weather and wildlife. They are trying to adapt, but it can be confounding.

　　In Finnmark, Norway's northernmost province, the Arctic landscape unfolds in late winter as an endless snowy plateau, silent but for the cries of the reindeer and the occasional whine of a snowmobile herding them.

　　A changing Arctic is felt there, too. "The reindeer are becoming unhappy," said Issat Eira, a 31-year-old reindeer herder.

　　Few countries rival Norway when it comes to protecting the environment and preserving indigenous customs. The state has lavished its oil wealth on the region, and Sami culture has enjoyed something of a renaissance.

　　And yet no amount of government support can convince Mr. Eira that his livelihood, intractably entwined with the reindeer, is not about to change. Like a Texas cattleman, he keeps the size of his herd secret. But he said warmer temperatures in fall and spring were melting the top layers of snow, which then refreeze as ice, making it harder for his reindeer to dig through to the lichen they eat.

　　"The people who are making the decisions, they are living in the south and they are living in towns," said Mr. Eira, sitting inside his home made of reindeer hides. "They don't mark the change of weather. It is only people who live in nature and get resources from nature who mark it."

　　Section 2: Chinese-English Translation (漢譯英) (40 points)

　　Translate the following passage into English. The time for this section is 60 minutes.

　　維護(hù)世界和平，促進(jìn)共同發(fā)展，謀求合作共贏，是各國(guó)人民的共同愿望，也是不可抗拒的當(dāng)今時(shí)代潮流。中國(guó)高舉和平、發(fā)展、合作的旗幟，堅(jiān)持走和平發(fā)展道路，與世界各國(guó)一道，共同致力于建設(shè)一個(gè)持久和平、共同繁榮的和諧世界。

　　中國(guó)與世界從未像今天這樣緊密相連。中國(guó)政府把中國(guó)人民的根本利益與各國(guó)人民的共同利益結(jié)合起來(lái)，堅(jiān)持奉行防御性的國(guó)防政策。中國(guó)的國(guó)防服從和服務(wù)于國(guó)家發(fā)展戰(zhàn)略和安全戰(zhàn)略，旨在維護(hù)國(guó)家安全統(tǒng)一，確保實(shí)現(xiàn)全面建設(shè)小康社會(huì)的宏偉目標(biāo)。中國(guó)永遠(yuǎn)是維護(hù)世界和平、安全、穩(wěn)定的堅(jiān)定力量。

　　中國(guó)在經(jīng)濟(jì)不斷發(fā)展的基礎(chǔ)上推進(jìn)國(guó)防和軍隊(duì)現(xiàn)代化，是適應(yīng)世界新軍事變革發(fā)展趨勢(shì)、維護(hù)國(guó)家安全和發(fā)展利益的需要。中國(guó)不會(huì)與任何國(guó)家進(jìn)行軍備競(jìng)賽，不會(huì)對(duì)任何國(guó)家構(gòu)成軍事威脅。新世紀(jì)新階段，中國(guó)把科學(xué)發(fā)展觀作為國(guó)防和軍隊(duì)建設(shè)的重要指導(dǎo)方針，積極推進(jìn)中國(guó)特色軍事變革，努力實(shí)現(xiàn)國(guó)防和軍隊(duì)建設(shè)全面協(xié)調(diào)可持續(xù)發(fā)展。