2017年上半年catti三級(jí)筆譯實(shí)務(wù)考前預(yù)測(cè)卷（第一套）

　　Passage 1

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　　Section 1： English-Chinese Translation (50 points) For generations,coal has been the lifeblood of this mineral-rich stretch of eastern Utah.Mining families proudly recall all the years they toiled underground. Supplycompanies line the town streets. Above the road that winds toward the mines, asoot-smudged miner peers out from a billboard with the slogan “Coal = Jobs.”

　　But recently, fearhas settled in. The state’s oldest coal-fired power plant, tucked among thecanyons near town, is set to close, a result of new, stricter federalpollutionregulations. As energycompanies tack away from coal, toward cleaner, cheaper natural gas, people herehave grown increasingly afraid that their community may soon slip away. Dozensof workers at the facility here, the Carbon Power Plant, have learned that theymust retire early or seek other jobs. Local trucking and equipment outfits arepreparing to take business elsewhere. “There are a lotof people worried,” said Kyle Davis, who has been employed at the plant sincehe was 18. Mr. Davis, 56, worked his way up fromsweeping floors to managing operations atthe plant, whosefurnaces have been burning since 1954.

　　“I would haveliked to be here for another five years,” he said. “I’m too young to retire.” But Rocky MountainPower, the utility that operates the plant, has determined that it would be tooexpensive to retrofit the aging plant to meet new federal standards on mercuryemissions. The plant is scheduled to be shut by April 2015. “We had beenworking for the better part of three years, testing compliance strategies,”said David Eskelsen, a spokesman for the utility. “None of the ones weinvestigated really would produce the results that would meet the requirements.”

　　For the last several years, coal plants have been shutting down across the country, drivenby tougher environmental regulations, flattening electricity demand and a moveby utilities toward natural gas. This month, theboard of directors of the Tennessee Valley Authority, the country’s largestpublic power utility, voted to shut eight coal-powered plants in Alabama andKentucky and partly replace them with gas-fired power. Since 2010, more than150 coal plants have been closed or scheduled for retirement. The EnvironmentalProtection Agency estimates that the stricter emissions regulations for theplants will result in billions of dollars in related health savings, and willhave a sweeping impact on air quality. In recent weeks,the agency held 11 “l(fā)istening sessions” around the country in advance ofproposing additional rules for carbon dioxide emissions.

　　“Coal plants are the single largest source of dangerous carbon pollution in the United States,and we have ready alternatives like wind and solar to replace them,” said BruceNilles, director of the Sierra Club’s Beyond Coal campaign, which wants to shut all of the nation’s coal plants. For many here,coal jobs are all they know. The industry united the area during hard times, too, especially during the dark days after nine men died in a 2007 mining accident some 35 miles down the highway. Virtually everyone around Price knew the men, six of whom remain entombed in the mountainside.

　　But there is quietacknowledgment that Carbon County will have to change — if not now, soon. David Palacios’sfather, Pete, who worked in the mines for 43 years, has seen coal roar and fadehere. Now 86, his eyes grew cloudy as he recalled his first mining job. He was12, and earned $1 a day. “I’m retired, so I’llbe fine. But these young guys?” Pete Palacios said, his voice trailing off.

　　Passage 2

　　Maya: Away from Crowds

　　Central America is home to many secret treasures for tourists who like to avoid the crowds, including numerous ancient Maya settlements.

　　The seven countries of Central America - Guatemala, Panama, Belize, Honduras, El Salvador, Nicaragua and Costa Rica - are full of natural beauty and cultural treasures. Many of the region's nature reserves, ancient Maya settlements and colonial cities have been declared world cultural heritage sites by the United Nations Educational, Scientific and Cultural Organization.

　　There are lots of volcanoes and an exotic animal kingdom to explore, yet few people outside the region know of them. The view into the crater of the Masaya Volcano in Nicaragua is a breathtaking experience, enlivened by the accompanying strong smell of sulphur and the loud screaming of parrots. Yet the car park on the edge of the crater is nearly empty. This is a boon for daring travelers who can enjoy all the beauty without having to share it with hordes of other visitors.

　　El Salvador has a "road of flowers" and Nicaragua has a "road of white villages" connecting villages from the colonial period. Honduras is developing a means of connecting the native American communities in the Atlantic coast from the Garifuna, descendants of the Carribean Indians and Africans, to the Miskito Indians in the jungle.

　　Geological enthusiasts could also follow a volcanic trail through Central America. There are many volcanoes in just a small area, some with perfectly cone-shaped peaks constantly emitting smoke from their craters. Some of them are partially accessible.

　　A bus travels to the edge of the Masaya craters in Nicaragua, an active volcano just 500 meters high. For safety reasons, every traveler should get local information from the local tourism authority before climbing a volcano.

　　The Arenal Volcano in northern Costa Rica terrified local inhabitants and tourists in August 2000 when it spouted hot gas and ash.

　　Individual travelers can easily find travel information. The long distance buses that connect all the countries in the region are very comfortable with air conditioning and TV.

　　And if you travel through the villages in small, local rundowri buses, you will swiftly come into close contact with local inhabitants and their animals. You are .just as likely to have a hen thrust into your lap as a small child.

　　詞匯

　　1.secret treasures秘密寶藏

　　2.Guatemala危地馬拉

　　3.Panama巴拿馬

　　4.Belize伯利茲

　　5.Honduras洪都拉斯

　　6.El Salvador薩爾瓦多

　　7.Nicaragua尼加拉瓜

　　8.Costa Rica哥斯達(dá)黎加

　　9.natural beauty自然美景 10. nature reserves自然保護(hù)區(qū) 11. crater火山口 12. sulphur硫磺 13. boon獎(jiǎng)賞 14.hordes比肩接踵的 15. cone-shaped圓錐形的 16. Arenal Volcano阿雷納爾火山 17. rundown破舊的 18. come into close contact親密接觸 注釋

　　1.Maya：瑪雅文明，公元前2600年左右發(fā)源于猶加敦半島(Yucatan Peninsula)的美洲印第安人文明，在公元325年到925年間處于鼎盛時(shí)期，隨后衰落�，F(xiàn)在墨西哥、危地馬拉和伯利茲等處尚存不少遺址。

　　2. Central America is home to many secret treasures for tourists who like to avoid the crowds: be home to原意為―是……的家園，動(dòng)物或植物的棲息地或生長地‖，這里可理解為秘密寶藏的―隱藏之處‖。

　　3.world cultural heritage:世界文化遺產(chǎn)。在1972年10月聯(lián)合國教科文組織在巴黎召開的第16屆大會(huì)上決定成立―世界遺產(chǎn)委員會(huì)‖(World Heritage Committee)，并建立《世界遺產(chǎn)名錄》(World Heritage List)，鼓勵(lì)各國加大對(duì)世界遺產(chǎn)的保護(hù)力度。自1978年第一批世界遺產(chǎn)得到確認(rèn)起至2003年，全世界共有754處財(cái)產(chǎn)被列入《世界遺產(chǎn)名處錄》，其中包括582處世界文化遺產(chǎn)，149處世界自然遺產(chǎn)(World Natural Heritage)和23處混合遺產(chǎn)。期間我國有29處被列入了該名錄。

　　4.the United Nations Educational，Scientific and Cultural Organization:聯(lián)合國教育、科學(xué)與文化組織，通常簡(jiǎn)稱為UNESCO(聯(lián)合國教科文組織)。

　　5. The view into the crater of the Masaya Volcano in Nicaragua is a breathtaking experience, enlivened by the accompanying strong smell of sulphur and the loud screaming of parrots. 本句意為：當(dāng)你往尼加拉瓜的瑪莎雅火山口望進(jìn)去(the view into...)的時(shí)候，你會(huì)倒吸一口冷氣(breathtaking)，但是當(dāng)你聞到那股濃烈的硫磺味，聽到鸚鵡尖厲的叫聲時(shí)，你又會(huì)回過神來，驚嘆( enlivened by)它的壯美。本句有人譯為―游覽尼加拉瓜的瑪莎雅火山是一次驚心動(dòng)魄的歷程。置身其中，你會(huì)被從火山口噴發(fā)出來的強(qiáng)烈硫磺氣味和鸚鵡的尖叫聲所震撼�！�這樣譯法實(shí)際上是誤解了原文。原文中的兩個(gè)意義相反的關(guān)鍵詞 ―breathtaking‖和―enlivened by‖表明，主句和從句描寫了兩個(gè)動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，一個(gè)是朝瑪莎雅火山口看了以后有點(diǎn)窒息的恐怖感，后一個(gè)動(dòng)作則是聞到濃烈的硫磺味和聽到鸚鵡的尖叫聲后為之一驚( enlivened)的感覺。兩者不應(yīng)該割裂開來。另外，experience一詞這里還是不譯為好。

　　6. Yet the car park on the edge of the crater is nearly empty. This is a boon for daring travelers who can enjoy all the beauty without having to share it with hordes of others visitors. 這兩句要和上下文聯(lián)系起來理解：盡管瑪莎雅火山如此美麗，但是敢于驅(qū)車靠近火山口的人卻很少。所以，它的美景是對(duì)那些勇敢的獨(dú)行者的一種獎(jiǎng)賞。

　　7....villages from the colonial period:殖民時(shí)期，指哥倫布于1492年發(fā)現(xiàn)美洲后至19世紀(jì)中葉西班牙殖民者對(duì)中美洲的殖民時(shí)期。除了伯利茲以外，上述中美洲國家都于19世紀(jì)20年代和30年代獲得獨(dú)立。

　　8. Geological enthusiasts could also follow a volcanic trail through Central America.這里volcanic trail意為―連接各座火山的小道‖，而不是―由火山構(gòu)成的小道‖。

　　9. There are many volcanoes in just a small area, some with perfectly cone-shaped peaks constantly emitting smoke from their craters. Some of them are partially accessible.這里后一句中的some是前句中的some的一部分，意為：在那些終年冒著煙灰的火山中，有些山因?yàn)闊熁逸^為濃烈而難以接近。這里―因煙灰濃烈‖是句子的隱含意義，如不譯出，本句與上句的聯(lián)系就斷了，很容易給人一種突兀之感。另外，partially accessible不可譯為―只有部分可以接近‖或―不能完全接近‖那種佶屈聱牙的漢語。在理解原文的本意(即：有些火山由于煙灰濃烈而難以接近)的基礎(chǔ)上，可以把結(jié)果(即：因此人們無法完全看清它們的廬山真面目)表達(dá)出來。

　　10.you will swiftly come into close contact with local inhabitants and their animals. You are just as likely to have a hen thrust into your lap as a small child.注意這里just as在意義上連接前面的swiftly和后面的likely，表示兩者的相似性。這里后一句可改寫為：You are likely to_ as you swiftly come into close contact with...。