B卷

一、單項選擇題(本大題共30小題，每小題1分，共30分)

在每小題列出的四個備選項中只有一個是符合題目要求的，請將其代碼填寫在題后的括號內(nèi)。錯選、多選或未選均無分。

1.正常情況下，機(jī)體免疫系統(tǒng)可以清除體內(nèi)損傷或衰老的自身細(xì)胞，維持其生理平衡，并進(jìn)行免疫調(diào)節(jié)的功能稱為(      )

A.免疫防御                                                      B.免疫穩(wěn)定

C.免疫監(jiān)視                                                      D.自身免疫

2.決定抗原特異性的物質(zhì)基礎(chǔ)是(      )

A.抗原分子量的大小                                        B.抗原分子表面的特殊化學(xué)基團(tuán)

C.抗原分子的化學(xué)組成                                    D.抗原分子結(jié)構(gòu)的復(fù)雜性

3.IgG經(jīng)木瓜酶水解后所得能與抗原結(jié)合的片段是(      )

A.Fab                                                               B.Fc

C.F(ab)2                                                          D.pFc

4.藥物過敏性血細(xì)胞減少癥屬于哪一型超敏反應(yīng)？(      )

A.Ⅰ型                                                             B.Ⅱ型

C.Ⅲ型                                                             D.Ⅳ型

5.具有調(diào)理作用的補(bǔ)體成分是(      )

A.C1q                                                              B.C2a

C.C3a                                                              D.C3b

6.抗體初次應(yīng)答具有的特點是(      )

A.潛伏期短                                                      B.抗體含量低

C.維持時間久                                                  D.親和力強(qiáng)

7.關(guān)于抗毒素的使用，哪項是錯誤的？(      )

A.可能發(fā)生過敏反應(yīng)                                        B.治療時要早期足量

C.可作為免疫增強(qiáng)劑給兒童多次注射               D.只能用于緊急預(yù)防或治療

8.下列哪種免疫學(xué)檢測方法不屬于抗原抗體反應(yīng)(      )

A.直接凝集反應(yīng)                                               B.單向瓊脂擴(kuò)散試驗

C.淋巴細(xì)胞轉(zhuǎn)化試驗                                        D.酶聯(lián)免疫吸附試驗

9.T細(xì)胞上表達(dá)的哪個分子可與抗原呈遞細(xì)胞上的CD80/CD86結(jié)合，從而為T細(xì)胞活化提供第二信號？(      )

A.CD3                                                             B.CD4

C.CD28                                                            D.CD8

10.下列哪個不是抗原呈遞細(xì)胞？(      )

A.單核-巨噬細(xì)胞                                             B.初始T細(xì)胞

C.B細(xì)胞                                                          D.樹突狀細(xì)胞

11.下列寄生蟲中可能從痰液中檢測到蟲卵的是(      )

A.衛(wèi)氏并殖吸蟲                                               B.肺孢子蟲

C.十二指腸鉤蟲                                               D.細(xì)粒棘球絳蟲

12.腸阿米巴病典型的病理變化是(      )

A.無菌性液化壞死                                           B.燒瓶樣潰瘍

C.蟲卵肉芽腫                                                  D.消化道出血

13.下列不屬于食源性寄生蟲的是(      )

A.日本血吸蟲                                                  B.華支睪吸蟲

C.衛(wèi)氏并殖吸蟲                                               D.布氏姜片蟲

14.經(jīng)皮膚感染人體的寄生蟲是(      )

A.蠕形住腸線蟲                                               B.毛首鞭形線蟲

C.十二指腸鉤蟲                                               D.似蚓蛔線蟲

15.食用“米豬肉”可感染(      )

A.豬囊尾蚴病                                                  B.豬帶絳蟲病

C.曼氏迭宮絳蟲病                                           D.細(xì)粒棘球絳蟲病

16.下列哪種原蟲不是細(xì)胞內(nèi)寄生(      )

A.剛地弓形蟲                                                  B.間日瘧原蟲

C.杜氏利什曼原蟲                                           D.溶組織內(nèi)阿米巴

17.由白蛉傳播的疾病是(      )

A.瘧疾                                                             B.黑熱病

C.絲蟲病                                                         D.鼠疫

18.班氏絲蟲成蟲引起的慢性期病變，下列哪個癥狀是錯誤的？(      )

A.乳糜尿                                                         B.絲蟲熱

C.睪丸鞘膜積液                                               D.象皮腫

19.關(guān)于革蘭陰性菌的敘述，哪一項是錯誤的?(      )

A.有糖蛋白脂外膜                                           B.有肽聚糖

C.有大量磷壁酸                                               D.耐青霉素

20.下列物質(zhì)中，不是細(xì)菌合成性代謝產(chǎn)物的是(      )

A.色素                                                             B.抗生素

C.熱原質(zhì)                                                         D.抗毒素

21.關(guān)于內(nèi)毒素特性敘述正確的是(      )

A.強(qiáng)抗原性                                                      B.細(xì)菌的細(xì)胞壁裂解后才能游離出來

C.毒性強(qiáng)                                                         D.細(xì)胞壁的基本成分是肽聚糖

22.金黃色葡萄球菌感染易于局限化和形成血栓,這主要與哪種物質(zhì)的生成有關(guān)?(      )

A.溶血毒素                                                      B.殺白細(xì)胞素

C.血漿凝固酶                                                  D.腸毒素

23.引起嬰幼兒和旅游者腹瀉的大腸桿菌是(      )

A.腸產(chǎn)毒性大腸桿菌                                        B.腸致病性大腸桿菌

C.腸侵襲性大腸桿菌                                        D.腸出血性大腸桿菌

24.結(jié)核桿菌最常用的染色方法，正確的是(      )

A.革蘭染色                                                      B.鍍銀染色

C.抗酸染色                                                      D.Albert染色

25.衣原體具有感染性的結(jié)構(gòu)是(      )

A.包涵體                                                         B.原體

C.始體                                                             D.核蛋白體

26.鉤端螺旋體的主要傳染源是(      )

A.病人                                                             B.帶菌者

C.鳥類                                                             D.鼠類和豬

27.實驗室培養(yǎng)真菌常用(      )

A.沙保培養(yǎng)基                                                  B.呂氏血清斜面

C.柯氏培養(yǎng)基                                                  D.羅氏培養(yǎng)基

28.在我國乙腦的主要傳染源是(      )

A.病人                                                             B.健康帶毒者

C.幼豬                                                             D.蚊

29.HSV-1型主要潛伏的部位是(      )

A.口唇皮膚                                                      B.咽部淋巴結(jié)

C.脊髓神經(jīng)節(jié)                                                  D.三叉神經(jīng)

30.脊髓灰質(zhì)炎的主要傳播途徑為(      )

A.呼吸道                                                         B.消化道

C.血液                                                             D.密切接觸