11. From the sentences “Hand in your papers.” and “She papered the room green.”, we can see such a means of word formation as ______. （      ）

A. affixation                                                B. compounding

C. conversion                                              D. acronymy

12. The word “beg” comes from the word “beggar”. Such a way of creating a new word is called ______. （      ）

A. suffixation                                              B. clipping

C. blending                                                  D. back-formation

13. “Pen” and “sword” in the sentence “The pen is mightier than the sword.” are ______ motivated words. （      ）

A. semantically                                            B. etymologically

C. morphologically                                       D. onomatopoeically

14. “Tables, men, potatoes” have the same ______ meaning, for they have the same plural meaning. （      ）

A. lexical                                                     B. grammatical

C. conceptual                                              D. associative

15. Stylistic features of words include the following EXCEPT ______. （      ）

A. formal                                                    B. literary

C. argumentative                                          D. slang

16. The word ______ is an illustrative example of concatenation. （      ）

A. neck                                                       B. board

C. candidate                                                D. harvest

17. Based on the degree of ______, homonyms fall into three classes: perfect homonyms, homographs and homophones. （      ）

A. intensity                                                  B. property

C. similarity                                                 D. variety

18. Complete synonyms are identical both in grammatical meaning and lexical meaning, including ______ and associative meanings. （      ）

A. conceptual                                              B. perceptual

C. eventual                                                  D. actual

19. Narrowing of meaning, also called ______, is the opposite of widening meaning. （      ）

A. specialization                                           B. realization

C. evolution                                                 D. creation

20. As far as transfer is concerned, the phrase “l(fā)oud colours” falls into the category of transfer ______.（      ）

A. from concrete to abstract meanings

B. from abstract to concrete meanings

C. through association

D. of sensations