11．The word “motel” is created by ______.（ �。�
A．compounding B．clipping
C．blending D．suffixation
12．“BBC” is formed in the way of ______.（ ）
A．acronymy B．clipping
C．back-formation D．prefixation
13．The types of meanings include the following EXCEPT ______.（ �。�
A．grammatical meaning B．conceptual meaning
C．associative meaning D．literal meaning
14．By ______ motivation, we mean that the meaning of a word is related to its origin.（ ）
A．onomatopoeic B．morphological
C．semantic D．etymological
15．______ is the result of human cognition, reflecting the objective world in the human mind.（ �。�
A．Reference B．Concept
C．Sense D．Motivation
16．Semantic field, according to the course book, is also considered an integral part of ______.（ ）
A．word formation B．word meaning
C．meaning change D．sense relations
17．When a word is first coined, it is always ______.（ �。�
A．semantic B．onomatopoeic
C．monosemic D．polysemic
18．The following are all synonymous pairs, but in each the second is standard in usage whereas the first is archaic, EXCEPT ______.（ ）
A．ire/anger B．rich/wealthy
C．forlorn/distressed D．bliss/happiness
19．Shakespeare is difficult to understand than contemporary writings because many of his words were used in different ______ from what they have now in dictionaries.（ �。�
A．senses B．forms
C．dialects D．terms
20．The mode of ______ is well reflected in the word “picture”, which originally denoted mere “painting”, but now has come to include “drawings” and even “photographs”（ �。�
A．extension B．elevation
C．narrowing D．degradation
