Ⅱ.Cloze Test (10 points, 1 point for each item)

　　下列短文中有十個空白，每個空白有四個選項。根據(jù)上下文要求選出最佳答案，并在答題卡上將相應(yīng)的字母涂黑。

　　For over a hundred years Japan has consistently spent large sums of money and considerable human resources in an effort to obtain technology. Her ability to negotiate __11___ by the fact most of the technology she wanted was no commercial secrets. Japan’s __12__ has also been strengthened by the fact that her internal market was large, so that __13__ to this market could be offered to multinational companies as an attraction to them to grant licenses. Besides, Japan’s work force was disciplined, so it was capable __14__ applying the information it acquired. Finally, American and European companies, who were __15__ licensers, felt that the Japanese companies might take a large share of the world market __16__ they were not limited by licensing agreement.

　　Conditions of this sort, __17__ together in one nation, may well be unique, and the case of Japan may therefore not actually demonstrate that licensing is just as efficient as multinational ownership for the __18__ of technology. In fact, Japan

　　may be finding this method of operation __19__ effective than in the past ,as her needs for outside technology now require information which __20__ only a few companies and is more closely held.

　　11. A. was strengthened B. will be strengthened

　　C. will have been strengthened D. has been strengthened

　　12. A. position B. location C. place D. point

　　13. A. entry B. access C. presence D. acceptance

　　14. A. at B. in C. for D. of

　　15 .A. potential B. feasible C. liable D. inevitable

　　16. A. until B. before C. if D. after

　　17. A. came B. come C. will come D. coming

　　18. A. transformation B. transfer C. transmission D. shift

　　19. A. much B. little C. less D. more

　　20. A. sticks to B. belongs to C. draws on D. takes on