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57. So far, Irving ____ (live) in New York City for ten years.
解:has been living
[解析]本題主要考查時(shí)態(tài)“現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)”,判斷的關(guān)鍵是:so far, for ten years,從這兩個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)就可以判斷出該句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞live 應(yīng)該用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí),一般情況下句子中如果有:so far,up to now, over the past …years, in the last … years,for,since,already等一些詞語(yǔ),那么謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞就經(jīng)常用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)或現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí),F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)的區(qū)別是:現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)用來(lái)表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間開(kāi)始一直延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在的動(dòng)作,這個(gè)動(dòng)作可能剛剛結(jié)束,或者可能要繼續(xù)進(jìn)行下去;而現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)不表示動(dòng)作的延續(xù)性。
58. The patient _____ (send) to another hospital before we got there.
解:must be sent
[解析]本題考查過(guò)去完成時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài) 主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞send這個(gè)動(dòng)作發(fā)生在從句get這個(gè)動(dòng)作之前,因?yàn)閺木涞闹^語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用了過(guò)去時(shí)got因此主句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞是過(guò)去的過(guò)去,因此要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。
59. The __________ (far) away we get from the earth, the thinner the air becomes.
解:farther
[解析]本題考查形容詞的比較級(jí)的一種句式“the+形容詞比較級(jí),the+形容詞比較級(jí)”表示“越…越….”,另外要注意far的比較級(jí)有兩種形式一種是farther,一種是further,farther表示“更遠(yuǎn)”而further表示“進(jìn)一步”因此本題應(yīng)該填farther。
60. With apples at 25 cents a pound, we couldn't resist ____ (take) four pounds.
解:taking
[解析]本題主要考查resist后面接動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。
61. Coffee delays the body clock in the morning,and _____ (advance) it at night.
解:advances
[解析]本題主要考查時(shí)態(tài),因?yàn)檫@個(gè)句子有兩個(gè)謂語(yǔ),一個(gè)是delay, 一個(gè)是advance,這兩個(gè)謂語(yǔ)由and連接,delays是一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),因此advance也應(yīng)該用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí),所以答案是advances。
62. When ________ (give) the chance, it is quite possible for him to fulfill the task within ten days.
解:given
[解析]本題主要考查過(guò)去分詞做狀語(yǔ)。
63. I'll be only too pleased ______ (help) out those who are in difficulty.
解:to help
[解析]本題主要考查too… to+動(dòng)詞原形 結(jié)構(gòu)
64. Television is another major instrument of communication, ____ (permit) us to see as well as to hear the performer.
解:permitting
[解析]本題主要考查現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)。
65. It is high time that we _____ (take) firm measures to protect our environment.
解:took
[解析]本題主要考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣形式,在It is high time that 從句結(jié)構(gòu)中從句的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用虛擬語(yǔ)氣,形式是過(guò)去時(shí),因此用took的形式。
五、漢譯英
66. 我工作了一整天,所以你來(lái)看我時(shí),我很疲倦。
答:I was very tired when you came to see me because I had worked all day along.
[解析]本題在翻譯的時(shí)候要注意結(jié)構(gòu),另外注意“我很疲倦”這個(gè)句子是主系表結(jié)構(gòu),“疲倦”用tired表示,而tired是形容詞,很多同學(xué)翻譯時(shí)忽視了這個(gè)問(wèn)題,因此翻成了“I tired”這就把系動(dòng)詞丟掉了。
67. 高薪和福利都不能取悅工人們。
答:High salary/wage and welfare can not make workers happy.
[解析]這道題就是單句,結(jié)構(gòu)比較簡(jiǎn)單,但是有的同學(xué)不知道“福利”用英語(yǔ)怎么表示,因此造成了障礙。
68.我更喜歡住在鄉(xiāng)村,因?yàn)槟抢锟諝馕廴静惶珖?yán)重。
答:I prefer to live in the countryside in that/because the air is not seriously polluted.
[解析] 這道題主要考查prefer to do sth.(更喜歡…)的用法, 還有in that 或because 引導(dǎo)原因狀語(yǔ)從句的用法。
69.每個(gè)人都可以培養(yǎng)自己的興趣。
答:Everyone can take to his (her) interests.
[解析]這個(gè)句子主要考查take to的用法。
70.絕大多數(shù)醫(yī)學(xué)上的重大進(jìn)步都是建立在動(dòng)物研究基礎(chǔ)上的。
答:Most of the major medical advances have been based on animal research.
[解析]這個(gè)句子考查被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)以及 be based on的用法。
六、英譯漢
Some animals that cannot see can still tell the difference between light and darkness, while others can react to chemicals, which is something like smelling and tasting. However, there may be a sense that we know nothing about, for otherwise it is very hard to explain how birds, animals and even insects and fish manage to travel long distances without losing their way.
Only man can tell his companions exactly what he wants, for he has the wonderful gift of speech; but many of the larger animals can show that they are hungry or frightened or pleased by making sounds that we have learned to recognize, such as a roar. Even man still uses animal-like sounds when he laughs or sighs.
Some animals can get further than these simple noises. For instance, a bird song is much more elaborate, for it tells other males to keep away, while at the same time inviting a female to come closer. Birds have other calls which warn of danger or help to keep the flock (鳥(niǎo)群) together. Of course, a parrot does not understand what it is saying when it imitates the human voice.
答:一些沒(méi)有視覺(jué)的動(dòng)物,仍能辨別出光線和黑暗的不同,而其它一些動(dòng)物能對(duì)化學(xué)物質(zhì)做出反應(yīng),就如同有味覺(jué)和嗅覺(jué)一樣。然而,一定存在一種我們不知道的感覺(jué)。因?yàn)槿绻皇沁@樣的話,就很難解釋為什么鳥(niǎo)、動(dòng)物甚至昆蟲(chóng)和魚(yú)能旅行很長(zhǎng)的距離而不迷路。
只有人能確切地告訴他的同伴他想要什么,因?yàn)槿擞衅婷畹恼Z(yǔ)言天賦,但是許多大一些的動(dòng)物能夠發(fā)出我們已經(jīng)學(xué)會(huì)辨別的聲音如吼叫來(lái)表達(dá)它們的饑餓、受驚或高興。甚至人類在笑或嘆息的時(shí)候仍然使用像動(dòng)物的聲音。
一些動(dòng)物能發(fā)出比這些簡(jiǎn)單的聲音更復(fù)雜的聲音,例如,鳥(niǎo)兒的歌聲就更復(fù)雜精細(xì),因?yàn)樗芨嬖V其它雄性鳥(niǎo)離開(kāi),同時(shí)邀請(qǐng)雌性鳥(niǎo)兒靠近。鳥(niǎo)兒有時(shí)發(fā)出聲音警告危險(xiǎn)或使鳥(niǎo)群緊密結(jié)合。當(dāng)然,當(dāng)鸚鵡模仿人發(fā)聲的時(shí)候并不理解其中的含義。