2019年中考英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法復(fù)習(xí)：代詞
三.代詞：
I. 代詞可以分為以下七大類：
|
1 |
人稱代詞 |
主格 |
I, you, he, she, it, we, you, they |
|
賓格 |
me, you, him, her, it, us, you, them | ||
|
2 |
物主代詞 |
形容詞性 |
my, your, his, her, its, our, their |
|
名詞性 |
mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs | ||
|
3 |
反身代詞 |
myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves | |
|
4 |
指示代詞 |
this, that, these, those, such, some | |
|
5 |
疑問(wèn)代詞 |
who, whom, whose, which, what, whoever, whichever, whatever | |
|
6 |
關(guān)系代詞 |
that, which, who, whom, whose, as | |
|
7 |
不定代詞 |
one/ some/ any, each/ every, none/ no, many/ much, few/ little/ a few/ a little, | |
|
other/ another, all/ both, neither/ either | |||
II. 不定代詞用法注意點(diǎn)：
1. one, some與any:
1) one可以泛指任何人，也可特指，復(fù)數(shù)為ones。some多用于肯定句，any多用于疑問(wèn)句和否定句。
One should learn to think of others.
Have you any bookmarks? No, I don’t have any bookmarks.
I have some questions to ask.
2) some可用于疑問(wèn)句中，表示盼望得到肯定的答復(fù)，或者表示建議，請(qǐng)求等。
Would you like some bananas? Could you give me some money?
3) some 和any修飾可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)時(shí)，some表示某個(gè)，any表示任何一個(gè)。
I have read this article in some magazine. Please correct the mistakes, if any.
4) some和數(shù)詞連用表示“大約”，any可與比較級(jí)連用表示程度。
There are some 3,000 students in this school. Do you feel any better today?
2. each和every:
each強(qiáng)調(diào)個(gè)別，代表的數(shù)可以是兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上，而every強(qiáng)調(diào)整體，所指的數(shù)必須是三個(gè)或三個(gè)以上。
Each student has a pocket dictionary. / Each (of us) has a dictionary. / We each have a dictionary.
Every student has strong and weak points. / Every one of us has strong and weak points.
3. none和no：
no等于not any，作定語(yǔ)。none作主語(yǔ)或賓語(yǔ)，代替不可數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)用單數(shù)，代替可數(shù)名詞，謂語(yǔ)單復(fù)數(shù)皆可以。
There is no water in the bottle.
How much water is there in the bottle? None.
None of the students are (is) afraid of difficulties.
4. other和another:
1) other泛指“另外的，別的”常與其他詞連用，如：the other day, every other week, some other reason, no other way,
the other特指兩者中的另外一個(gè)，復(fù)數(shù)為the others。如：
He held a book in one hand and his notes in the other.
Two students in our class failed, but all the others passed the exam.
2) another指“又一個(gè)，另一個(gè)”無(wú)所指，復(fù)數(shù)形式是others，泛指“別的人或事”如：
I don’t like this shirt, please show me another (one).
The trousers are too long, please give me another pair / some others.
Some like football, while others like basketball.
5. all和both, neither和either
all表示不可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。both和all加否定詞表示部分否定，全部否定用neither和none.
All of the books are not written in English. / Not all of the books are written in English.
Both of us are not teachers. / Not both of us are teachers. / Either of us is a teacher.
，我們將會(huì)及時(shí)處理。
