�、�. afraid “害怕”是形容詞，只能作表語，而不能作定語，后接of 短語或不定式，構成be afraid of sb. 和be afraid to do sth

　�、� She is afraid of a snake. 她害怕蛇。

　　② The little girl is afraid to go out at night.

　　afraid +that clause “恐怕”，是婉轉拒絕別人的一種表達方式。如：

　�、� I’m afraid (that) I can’t go to the party. My brother is sick. 恐怕我不能去參加聚會了。我弟弟病了。

　　Ⅱ. fear “害怕”是動詞，與be afraid 往往通用，但不如它常用(特別是在口語中)。如：

　�、� We fear no difficulty.我們不怕困難。

　�、� He feared to speak his mind.他不敢說出自己的想法。

　�、� Fearing that he would catch cold, I went out to see him.因為怕他會受涼，我走去看他。

　�、�. frightened adj “受驚嚇的、害怕的”可做表語，也可作定語。如：

　�、� She is too frightened to move.她太害怕了不能動彈。

　�、� A frightened girl is crying. 一個受驚的女孩正在哭。