(5) 對定語的判斷

　　1. The _______ exams usually take place at the end of June. ( finally)

　　2. On a _____ night, you can see thousands of stars in the sky. ( clearly)

　　3. In ______ w

　　4. The French artist said, “It is my _____ time to visit Shanghai. I love

　　this city so much. ( one )

　　5. Most people don’t like ________ food. ( freeze )

　　6. Who is your ________ teacher? ( chemical )

　　Key: (1) final (2) clear (3) freezing (4) first (5) frozen (6) chemistry

　　分析:定語是修飾名詞與代詞的成分。詞性以形容詞，序數(shù)詞，介詞短語為主。名詞修

　　飾名詞說明后面名稱的性能或用途。如：stamp show / physics teacher。如果是動詞

　　的適當(dāng)形式作定語，動詞必須改成 to do ,doing 或 done 的形式。

　　(6) 對狀語的判斷

　　1. The old lady could hardly believe that she had got the travel pass to Hong

　　Kong so ______ (easy)

　　2. Watch ______, and you will find the difference between the two pictures.

　　( care )

　　3. After flying in the storm for nearly one hour, the helicopter landed ______ at last. ( safe )

　　Key : (1) easily (2) carefully (3) safely

　　分析：狀語是說明動作發(fā)生的時間，地點(diǎn)，原因，方式，目的，結(jié)果，條件和伴隨情況

　　的成分。詞性以副詞為主，也可以是介詞短語。如果是動詞的適當(dāng)形式作狀語，動詞必須改成 to do ,doing 或 done 的形式。

　　(7) 對連詞的判斷

　　1. Work harder, __________ you’ll make great progress in English.

　　2. My job is to protect the innocent __________ find the guilty.

　　3. __________ you __________ he can go to the cinema, but you cannot go together because I have only one ticket.

　　4. Can you tell me _________ you are from?

　　5. I’ll give you a call __________ I get to Japan.

　　Key: (1)and (2) as well as (3) Either…or (4) where (5) as soon as

　　分析：在英語中, 并列連詞and, but, or, so , not only…but also, either …or, neither…nor, as well as, both… and等連接并列的詞,詞組和句子; 而從屬連詞則連接主句與從句。

　　Step2：在牢記了七種句子成分與十種詞性的對應(yīng)關(guān)系之后，多做綜合的“用所給單詞的正確形式填空”，有利于提高對句子成分的判斷能力。熟練掌握詞性轉(zhuǎn)化的技巧是通向首字母填空的第二步。

　　Step3：鍛煉自己的發(fā)散和歸納思維的能力，或稱為“猜謎”的能力。

　　Exercise : Guess the missing word.

　　1. ________ are helpful to students.

　　2. ________ are helpful to students. They give them knowledge.

　　3. ________ are helpful to students. In class they teach them knowledge and after

　　class they care for them like parents.

　　4. ________ are helpful to students. They keep them healthy.

　　分析：按順序做你會不假思索地得出答案，1---4均為Teachers，全部解完后再思考，似乎第一題答案不僅僅只有Teachers。按判斷主語的結(jié)論，凡名詞，只要合乎邏輯，都可作為第一題的答案，你會發(fā)現(xiàn)Books也可，繼而得出結(jié)論：“一切有益于學(xué)生的復(fù)數(shù)名詞均為正確答案，如：Exercises、Doctors、Police、Parents…”。第二題受后一句knowledge的限制，答案要少一些，如：Teachers、Books，第三題限制更多，從“care for”判斷主語只能是人，即: Teachers。第四題受healthy的限制，最好填Doctors / Nurses。

　　以上練習(xí)說明解完形填空需要如下技能：

　　1. 對所缺詞的句子成分必須作出精確判斷，然后填入正確的詞性，即必須熟練掌握句子成分與詞性的對應(yīng)關(guān)系。

　　2. 必須訓(xùn)練自己擴(kuò)散性思維能力，如同猜謎，因?yàn)樵~義的確定依靠著對句中限制性信息的判斷得出。

　　3. 良好的語法基本功。在確定完詞性與詞義后，名詞單復(fù)數(shù)、形容詞的比較等級和動詞時態(tài)的確定等等建立在良好的語法基本功之上。

　　Step4：對詞性、詞義、詞形的精確判斷階段，即綜合運(yùn)用階段

　　Mr. Wu is getting old. He is l_______ the school soon. The s_______ in his class have given h______ a lot of p_______. Among t______ are cards, note-books, photos and books. Most of the cards are m______ by the students themselves.

　　Photos will h_____ Mr. Wu remember the happy t_________ when he was with his students. Next week, t________ will have a p_______ to s ______ goodbye to him.

　　分析：通讀短文以后發(fā)現(xiàn)Mr. Wu 是一位老師。從old 可推斷他不久要退休了,所以

　　“l(fā)____” 應(yīng)為謂語動詞 leaving ;“s____” 是第三句的主語, 結(jié)合 have 判斷為 students; “h______”是give 的賓語, 判斷為him ;“p_____” 的內(nèi)容是 cards, note-books… , 所以判斷為名詞presents; “t_____” 是介詞among 的賓語, 應(yīng)為them ; “m____” 處于be done by 的結(jié)構(gòu)中, 應(yīng)為過去分詞made;“h_____” 位于情態(tài)動詞will 之后, 應(yīng)為動詞原形help;“t_____” 是remember 的賓語, 并且受到happy 的修飾應(yīng)為 time;“t_____” 是主語, 名詞或代詞 teachers / they;