(四)

In general，laws for children are a good thing.

One hundred years ago in industrial countries, children worked 18 hours a day in a factory at age seven. The factory owner could beat a child who fell asleep or was not fast enough. Both parents and teachers could do the same.

Today, there are many laws about children all over the world. Some people think children must obey rules or they should be punished，others do not agree. The Inuits or Eskimos in Alaska almost never punish their children. The parents don’t hit them. If the children go too far，the parents punish them by making fun of them.

Children in other parts of the world are not as lucky as Eskimo children. American parents can spank(打……臀部) their children at home，but a teacher cannot hit a child in a public school. This is also true in Germany. In contrast(對(duì)比), it is against the law for anyone to hit a child in Sweden. Swedish parents cannot spank their children. The children also have a special government official who works for their rights. There is even a plan for children to divorce from their parents though this is not a law yet! 根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答下列各問(wèn)題。

1. How were children treated in industrial countries 100years ago?

________________________________________.

2. What does the author mean by “go too far?”

________________________________________.

3. Can a teacher in Germany hit his students in public school?

________________________________________.

4. What kind of people can beat children in Sweden?

__________________________________________.

5. What does it mean by “a plan for children to divorce from their parents?”

_________________________________________.

【參考答案】

通常而言，為兒童制定法律是件好事。100多年前，在工業(yè)國(guó)家，7歲大的孩子在工廠一天要工作18小時(shí)，工廠的老板可以打小孩，家長(zhǎng)和老師們也可以這樣做。今天世界上有很多保護(hù)兒童的法律。有些人認(rèn)為兒童應(yīng)該遵紀(jì)守法，否則就要受到懲罰。其他人則不同，愛(ài)斯基摩人從不懲罰兒童。如果孩子們做得太過(guò)份了，父母親用開(kāi)玩笑的方式來(lái)懲罰他們。在其他地方則不同，美國(guó)的家長(zhǎng)可以在家打孩子的屁股，但老師不能在學(xué)校打?qū)W生。德國(guó)跟美國(guó)一樣。但在瑞士任何人都不能打孩子，并有專門(mén)的政府部門(mén)來(lái)維護(hù)孩子們的權(quán)利。

1. They were treated very badly.

2. Do something too much.

3. No, he can’t.

4. None can do that.

5. A plan for ending the children’s relationship with their parents.

(五)

Sydney is a young city. Its history goes back just over 200 years. But in Australia, it is the oldest city. It is also the country’s largest city. Sydney is the capital of New South Wales and the most populous(人口稠密的) city of Australia.

The climate(氣候) of Sydney is very good. It’s not too cold during the winter and not too hot during the summer. The sky is blue，the air is fresh(清新的), birds sing in the garden. People who live in Sydney seem to have an easy life style. They will tell you, “Don’t worry. ”

Many people think that Sydney is one of the most attractive cities in the world. It has many tall and modern buildings. Among them, Centrepoint Tower is the tallest. Standing on the 305--metre(80 storeys) tower, you will have a great view(視野) of the city.

Sydney is famous for its deep harbor(港口) .The harbor has many bays(灣) and beautiful surf beaches. Among them, Bondi beach is the most popular. Sydney Harbor is not only beautiful, it also serves as a large port. Ships carry wool, wheat and meat from Sydney to other countries.

People living in Sydney like to call themselves Sydneysiders. They are mostly friendly and easygoing. When they are not working, they love to have a good time at the beach, swimming and sailing.

根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容回答下列各問(wèn)題。

1. How old is Sydney? ________________________________________

2. How is the climate of Sydney? ________________________________________

3. How tall is Centrepoint Tower? ________________________________________

4. What is Sydney famous for? ________________________________________

5. What do people living in Sydney love to do when they are not working? ____________________

【參考答案】

這是一篇介紹悉尼的文章，分別從歷史、氣候、建筑、港口和居民等方面闡述了悉尼的迷人之處。

1. It’s just over 200 years old.

2. It’s not too cold during the winter and not too hot during the summer. It’s very good.

3. It’s 305 meters tall.

4. Sydney is famous for its deep harbor.

5. They love to go swimming and sailing.

(六)

John Smith was an old porter. He worked at the station. Every day he was busy carrying heavy things for the people. He was careful with his work. He was kind to everyone. He was always ready to help others.

One morning he stood in the station. He was waiting for the train. Just then he saw a man running towards the trains with a big bag in his hand.

“No train is starting. Why is he in such a hurry?” the old man thought to himself.

He went up to the man and asked, “May I help you?”

As soon as the man saw the porter, he stopped running.

“Can I catch the 10:35 train to London?” the man asked. He looked worried.

The old porter looked at him for a few seconds and said, “Well, sir. I’d like to help you, but I can’t answer your question because I don’t know how fast you can run.” Then he explained to the man, “The 10:35 train to London left five minutes ago. Can you run fast enough to catch it?”

1. What was John’s job?

2. Where do you think the man was going?

3. Why did the man run towards the trains and look worried?

4. What time was it when the man got to the station?

5. What do you think of John Smith?

【答案與解析】

通讀全文, 故事講述的是車(chē)站搬運(yùn)工John Smith有一天在火車(chē)站同一名旅客間的一段對(duì)話，故事很幽默。

第一個(gè)問(wèn)題是一個(gè)細(xì)節(jié)題，第1段清楚地說(shuō)明了他的工作：John Smith was an old porter。porter的意思的“(車(chē)站、碼頭) 的搬運(yùn)工人”，如果考生不認(rèn)識(shí)這個(gè)詞，也可以由He worked at the station. Every day he was busy carrying heavy things for the people.這兩句話了解他的工作性質(zhì)。因此第一個(gè)問(wèn)題的回答：John’s job was to carry heavy things for the people at station. / He was a porter.

第二個(gè)問(wèn)題是一個(gè)推理題，問(wèn)題:這名旅客要去哪里。由文中這句旅客的問(wèn)話Can I catch the 10:35 train to London?很容易推斷出他要去倫敦。

第三個(gè)問(wèn)題仍要求考生推理得出答案，問(wèn)題：為什么此人看上去很急的樣子朝火車(chē)趕去。很顯然是因?yàn)樗�在趕火車(chē)。對(duì)why提問(wèn)要用because進(jìn)行回答，第三個(gè)問(wèn)題的回答是Because he wanted to catch the 10:35 train to London.

第四個(gè)問(wèn)題是推理題, 問(wèn)的是：這名旅客趕到火車(chē)站的時(shí)間。由下文John的回答The 10:35 train to London left five minutes ago可知火車(chē)已開(kāi)走，這名旅客趕到的時(shí)間是大約10: 40，因此第四題的回答是It was about10：40 (twenty to eleven) 。第五個(gè)問(wèn)題是歸納題, 考查考生對(duì)文章大意的理解。這個(gè)問(wèn)題的回答實(shí)際上就是全文的中心句, 在第一自然段里已做了介紹。He was careful with his work. He was kind to everyone and always ready to help others.