托福考試閱讀中插入題怎么解答

　　1.指代詞

　　在英語中，指代詞的出現(xiàn)一般說明前文已經(jīng)提到過該事物或該事件。同理，如果插入句中使用了指代詞，且指代的信息明顯不是句子本身的內容時，則表明前文中已經(jīng)有句子提到過其所指代的對象，直接找出該對象所屬的句子，將插入句放入其后的空格處即可。值得注意的是，當插入句中的指代詞是諸如this,these,such等，后面會直接跟名詞使用，利用該名詞回到原文中進行原詞或者同義詞定位后即可直接確定答案。但是如果插入句中使用的代詞是諸如it, they等單獨指代某事物時，則無法一目了然地看出其所指帶的概念是什么，此時就需要先根據(jù)插入句的內容推出其所指代的對象，隨后再回每個空格前找出現(xiàn)過該對象的句子，最終得出答案。

　　真題實訓(TPO12.2/13)：

　　Their competition and collaboration were creating the broadcasting industry in the United States, beginning with the introduction of commercial radio programming in the early 1920s. ■【A】With financial assets considerably greater than those in the motion picture industry, and perhaps a wider vision of the relationships among entertainment and communications media, they revitalized research into recording sound for motion pictures. ■【B】In 1929 the United States motion picture industry released more than 300 sound films—a rough figure, since a number were silent films with music tracks, or films prepared in dual versions, to take account of the many cinemas not yet wired for sound. ■【C】At the production level, in the United States the conversion was virtually complete by 1930. ■【D】

　　Look at the four squares [■] that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage. Where would the sentence best fit?

　　When this research resulted in the development of vastly improved sound techniques, film studios became convinced of the importance of converting to sound.

　　解析：插入句中提到了指代詞this，指代的對象為research研究，說明在這句話之前已經(jīng)提到過research或與之詞義相關的表達，而B選項前恰好提到了research，所以答案為B選項。

　　真題實訓(TPO17.1/13)：

　　The sheer scale of the investment it took to begin commercial expansion at sea reflects the immensity of the profits that such East-West trade could create. ■【A】Spices were the most sought-after commodities. ■【B】Spices not only dramatically improved the taste of the European diet but also were used to manufacture perfumes and certain medicines. ■【C】But even high-priced commodities like spices had to be transported in large bulk in order to justify the expense and trouble of sailing around the African continent all the way to India and China. ■【D】

　　Look at the four squares [■] that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage. Where would the sentence best fit?

　　They were highly valued for a couple of reasons.

　　解析：插入句中使用了指代詞they，但是指代的對象并不能直接看出來，通過分析插入句的句意可知they指代的是某種事物的復數(shù)形式，且該事物受到高度重視，適當回顧原文即可推知they指代的對象是spices香料，提到spices的句子有A點后和B點后這兩句話，再根據(jù)插入句中的a couple of reason可知后文對其受到重視提出了兩個原因的解釋，正好對應了B點后not only……but also……的說明結構，所以答案為B選項。

　　2.定冠詞the

　　定冠詞the的用法多種多樣，譬如the與某些名詞或者形容詞連用表類別(the Chinese中國人，the rich有錢人，the young年輕人……)，與比較級、最高級、序數(shù)詞、樂器、姓氏、方位名詞等構成固定搭配，與帶有后置定語的名詞搭配等等。除了我們常見的這幾類用法之外，某些句子中的定冠詞the也跟指代詞一樣可以用來特指前面已經(jīng)提到過的人或物，如過符合這一條件，即可利用與指代詞相同的原理借助插入句中的定冠詞the所修飾的名詞進行選項判斷。

　　真題實訓(TPO11.3/13)：

　　Many signals that animals make seem to impose on the signalers costs that are overly damaging. ■【A】A classic example is noisy begging by nestling songbirds when a parent returns to the nest with food. ■【B】These loud cheeps and peeps might give the location of the nest away to a listening hawk or raccoon, resulting in the death of the defenseless nestlings.■【C】In fact, when tapes of begging tree swallows were played at an artificial swallow nest containing an egg, the egg in that “noisy” nest was taken or destroyed by predators before the egg in a nearby quiet nest in 29 of 37 trials.■【D】

　　Look at the four squares [■] that indicate where the following sentence could be added to the passage. Where would the sentence best fit?

　　The cheeping provides important information to the parent, but it could also attract the attention of others.

　　解析：插入句中提到了三個定冠詞the修飾的名詞：The cheeping，the parent，the attention of others，但是the attention of others帶有限定詞others，并不表示上文提及過該信息，只有前兩個名詞the cheeping和the parent沒有特殊限定，與定冠詞the也不是固定搭配，從而可以推知它們在前一句中出現(xiàn)過，結合原文即可確定答案為B選項，其中插入句的the cheeping同義替換了B點前的noisy begging。