新托福寫作考試中的綜合寫作部分是很多學(xué)生的難點(diǎn)之一，綜合寫作的過程就是一個(gè)英語知識輸入與輸出的整體過程，因此對學(xué)生的基礎(chǔ)和技巧要求頗高。以下我們就將請專家為同學(xué)們詳細(xì)解讀托�？荚嚲C合寫作部分，希望能給大家的托�？荚嚋�(zhǔn)備帶來一些啟發(fā)。

　　The Integrated Writing Task

　　You will read a passage about an academic topic for three minutes, and then you will hear a short lecture related to the topic. Then you will be asked to summarize the points in the listening passage and explain how they relate to specific points in the reading passage。

　　This task gives you the opportunity to demonstrate your ability to show that you can communicate in writing about academic information you have read and listened to。

　　As you read:

　　A. Take notes on your scratch paper。

　　B. Look for the main idea of the reading passage. The main idea often has to do with some policy or practice or some position on an issue. Or it may have to do with proposing some overall hypothesis about the way some process or procedure works or should work or how some natural phenomenon is believed to work。

　　C. See how this main idea is evaluated or developed. Usually it will be developed in one of two ways:

　　(1) Arguments or explanations are presented that support the main position; for example, why there are good reasons to believe that some policy or practice will be beneficial or prove useful or advisable or perhaps why it has been a good thing in the past。

　　(2) Arguments or explanations or problems are brought up concerning why some policy or practice or position or hypothesis will not or does not work or will not be useful or advisable。

　　D. You do not need to memorize the reading passage. It will reappear on your computer screen when it is time to write。

　　E. Note points in the passage that either support the main idea or provide reasons to doubt the main idea. Typically the main idea will be developed with three points。

　　As you listen:

　　A. Take notes on your scratch paper。

　　B. Listen for information, examples, or explanations that make points in the reading passage seem wrong or less convincing or even untrue. For instance, in the example just given, the reading passage says that working in teams is a good thing because it gives individuals a chance to stand out. But the lecture says that often everyone gets equal credit for the work of a team, even if some people do not do any work at all. The reading says that work proceeds quickly on a team because there are more people involved, and each person brings his or her expertise. But the lecture completely contradicts this claim by stating that it may take a long time for the group to reach consensus. The lecture brings up the idea that the whole team can be blamed for a failure when the fault lies with only a few team members. This casts doubt on the claim in the reading that teams can take risks and be creative because no one individual is held accountable。

　　專家詳解綜合寫作：

　　根據(jù)官方的說法，新托福寫作中的“綜合任務(wù)”考試的形式比較特殊，要求考生先用3分鐘閱讀一段學(xué)術(shù)文章，然后再聽一段和閱讀文章內(nèi)容相關(guān)的聽力文章，最后在20分鐘內(nèi)將兩片文章之間的關(guān)系用書面寫作的方式表達(dá)出來。

　　這個(gè)寫作任務(wù)的考試目的事實(shí)上對考生日后在國外大學(xué)的學(xué)術(shù)生活很有幫助：考生看到的書本中的內(nèi)容和教授上課的解釋之間是什么關(guān)系呢?支持?相悖?考生要學(xué)會分辨和表達(dá)。所以，不能單純的為了應(yīng)考而準(zhǔn)備托�？荚�，應(yīng)該將其視為出國深造的“前站”。

　　在閱讀和聽力過程中，考生都能得到一張草稿紙供記筆記使用。事實(shí)上，合理高效的筆記方法確實(shí)是在最后“寫”的過程中能否寫的全面，寫的正確的最關(guān)鍵因素之一。但是，記筆記是有技巧的。一般來說，閱讀文章會有一個(gè)中心思想和由此中心思想延伸出的三個(gè)“點(diǎn)”。而這三個(gè)點(diǎn)，又是考生將會在之后的聽力中聽到的將會被支持或者駁斥的。

　　但是在閱讀文章中的三個(gè)點(diǎn)，有時(shí)是出現(xiàn)在段落第一句，有時(shí)是隱藏在文章內(nèi)容中，需要考生迅速作出判斷，將這三個(gè)點(diǎn)盡快提煉出來。而備考技巧充分的考生，將懂得如何在稍后的聽力筆記中將講話者如何支持或駁斥的這三個(gè)點(diǎn)的筆記結(jié)合在閱讀筆記中，在提筆開始寫之前，已經(jīng)搭建好了文章的框架，而不用額外的時(shí)間再去打?qū)懽魑恼碌牟莞�。因此，專家在此可以毫不夸張的說，決定考生綜合寫作命運(yùn)的，記筆記是至關(guān)重要的第一步。

　　在以往的官方指南中，都不曾明確指出閱讀和聽力各有三個(gè)點(diǎn)。但是，改革后近四年的考試中，不僅出現(xiàn)的都是三個(gè)點(diǎn)，以聽力中的點(diǎn)駁斥閱讀中的點(diǎn)為主要考點(diǎn)。這樣一來，備考時(shí)間有限的考生將更加明確綜合寫作的備考方向。

　　三個(gè)點(diǎn)在閱讀中用三個(gè)段落進(jìn)行標(biāo)示，而在聽力的語段中則有各種不同的連接手法來表現(xiàn)這三個(gè)點(diǎn)，因此，專家建議考生要熟悉各類表并列，遞進(jìn)，列舉等的連接手法，以確定自己能夠?qū)⒙犃χ械娜�點(diǎn)找出來。正確找到閱讀和聽力語段中的三個(gè)點(diǎn)，并且表達(dá)他們之間的關(guān)系是能否在綜合寫作中得到高分的關(guān)鍵。如果這點(diǎn)沒有做到，語法再嚴(yán)絲合縫，詞藻再華麗，也無法獲得令人滿意的分?jǐn)?shù)。

　　基于閱讀和聽力語段信息整合得出的內(nèi)容才是綜合寫作要求考生描寫的。因此，考生不能將自己的觀點(diǎn)加入其中，否則將會因?yàn)椴环�合考試要求而被扣分�?/P>

　　專家提醒廣大托�？忌�，由于綜合寫作要求的是考生英語聽、讀、寫三個(gè)方面的綜合實(shí)力，但許多考生對在短時(shí)間內(nèi)提取語段中的有效信息不太有把握，很可能會因慌亂造成信息理解錯誤導(dǎo)致表達(dá)錯誤，因此，考生應(yīng)該找到一個(gè)高效的筆記方法應(yīng)對。