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共享題干題Three hundred years ago news travelled by word of mouth or letter，and circulated in taverns and coffee houses in the form of pamphlets and newsletters.“The coffee houses particularly are very roomy for a free conversation，and for reading at an easier rate all manner of printed news，”noted one observer.Everything changed in 1833 when the first mass-audience newspaper，The New York sun，pioneered the use of advertising to reduce the cost of news，thus giving advertisers access to a wider audience.The penny press，followed by radio and television，turned news from a two-way conversation into a one-way broadcast， with a relatively small number of firms controlling the media.
Now，the news industry is returning to something closer to the coffee house The internet is making news more participatory social and diverse reviving the discursive characteristics of the era before the mass media That will have profound effects on society and politics.In much of the world，the mass media are flourishing Newspaper circulation rose globally by 6% between 2005 and 2009. But those global figures mask a sharp decline in readership in rich countries.
Over the past decade，throughout the western world，people have been giving up newspapers and TV news and keeping up with events in profoundly different ways.Most strikingly，ordinary people are increasingly involved in compiling， sharing，filtering，discussing and distributing news.Twitter lets people anywhere report what they are seeing. Classified documents are published in their thousands online Mobile phone footage of Arab uprisings and American tornadoes is posted on social-networking sites and shown on television newscasts. Social-networking sites help people find， discuss and share news with their friends.
And it is not just readers who are challenging the media elite. Technology firms including Google，F(xiàn)acebook and twitter have become important conduits of news.Celebrities and world leaders publish updates directly via social networks； many countries now make raw data available through“open government”initiatives. The internet lets people read newspapers or watch television channels from around the world.The web has allowed new providers of news，from individual bloggers to sites，to rise to prominence in a very short space of time. And it has made possible entirely new approaches to journalism，such as that practiced by WikiLeaks，which provides an anonymous way for whistleblowers to publish documents.The news agenda is no longer controlled by a few press barons and state outlets.
In principle，every liberal should celebrate this.A more participatory and social news environment，with a remarkable diversity and range of news sources， is a good thing.The transformation of the news business is unstoppable，and attempts to reverse it are doomed to failure. As producers of new journalism，individuals can be scrupulous with facts and transparent with their sources.As consumers they can be general in their tastes and demanding in their standards.And although this transformation does raise concerns，there is much to celebrate in the noisy，diverse，vociferous，argumentative and stridently alive environment of the news business in the ages of the internet.The coffee house is back. Enjoy it.
Now，the news industry is returning to something closer to the coffee house The internet is making news more participatory social and diverse reviving the discursive characteristics of the era before the mass media That will have profound effects on society and politics.In much of the world，the mass media are flourishing Newspaper circulation rose globally by 6% between 2005 and 2009. But those global figures mask a sharp decline in readership in rich countries.
Over the past decade，throughout the western world，people have been giving up newspapers and TV news and keeping up with events in profoundly different ways.Most strikingly，ordinary people are increasingly involved in compiling， sharing，filtering，discussing and distributing news.Twitter lets people anywhere report what they are seeing. Classified documents are published in their thousands online Mobile phone footage of Arab uprisings and American tornadoes is posted on social-networking sites and shown on television newscasts. Social-networking sites help people find， discuss and share news with their friends.
And it is not just readers who are challenging the media elite. Technology firms including Google，F(xiàn)acebook and twitter have become important conduits of news.Celebrities and world leaders publish updates directly via social networks； many countries now make raw data available through“open government”initiatives. The internet lets people read newspapers or watch television channels from around the world.The web has allowed new providers of news，from individual bloggers to sites，to rise to prominence in a very short space of time. And it has made possible entirely new approaches to journalism，such as that practiced by WikiLeaks，which provides an anonymous way for whistleblowers to publish documents.The news agenda is no longer controlled by a few press barons and state outlets.
In principle，every liberal should celebrate this.A more participatory and social news environment，with a remarkable diversity and range of news sources， is a good thing.The transformation of the news business is unstoppable，and attempts to reverse it are doomed to failure. As producers of new journalism，individuals can be scrupulous with facts and transparent with their sources.As consumers they can be general in their tastes and demanding in their standards.And although this transformation does raise concerns，there is much to celebrate in the noisy，diverse，vociferous，argumentative and stridently alive environment of the news business in the ages of the internet.The coffee house is back. Enjoy it.
單選題第1題According to the passage what initiated the transformation of coffee-house news to mass-media news？
A.The emergence of big mass media firms.
B.The popularity of radio and television.
C.The appearance of advertising in newspapers.
D.The increasing number of newspaper readers.
參考答案：C
試題解析
細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Everything changed in 1833 when the first mass-audience newspaper，The New York Sun，pioneered the use of advertising to reduce the cost of news， thus giving advertisers access to a wider audience”可知帶來(lái)轉(zhuǎn)變的最終原因是報(bào)紙廣告的出現(xiàn)。試題解析
細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Everything changed in 1833 when the first mass-audience newspaper，The New York Sun，pioneered the use of advertising to reduce the cost of news， thus giving advertisers access to a wider audience”可知帶來(lái)轉(zhuǎn)變的最終原因是報(bào)紙廣告的出現(xiàn)。單選題第2題Which of the following statements best supports“Now，the news industry is returning to something closer to the coffee house”？
A.Newspaper circulation rose globally by 6%0 between 2005 and 2009.
B.People in the Western world are giving up newspapers and TV news.
C.Classified documents are published in their thousands online.
D.More people are involved in finding， discussing and distributing news.
參考答案：D
試題解析
細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第二段。該段中的“The internet is making news more participatory， social and diverse， reviving the discursive characteristics of the era before the mass media.”解釋了新聞行業(yè)回歸咖啡館時(shí)代的原因，D項(xiàng)與此相符合。試題解析
細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)題干可定位到文章第二段。該段中的“The internet is making news more participatory， social and diverse， reviving the discursive characteristics of the era before the mass media.”解釋了新聞行業(yè)回歸咖啡館時(shí)代的原因，D項(xiàng)與此相符合。單選題第3題According to the passage， which is NOT a role played by information technology？
A.Challenging the traditional media.
B.Planning the return to coffee-house news.
C.Providing people with access to classified files.
D.Giving ordinary people the chance to provide news.
參考答案：B
試題解析
細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第二、三、四段的內(nèi)容可知信息技術(shù)在不斷挑戰(zhàn)傳統(tǒng)的大眾傳媒，A項(xiàng)正確；根據(jù)第三段中的“Classified documents are published in their thousands online”可知C項(xiàng)正確；根據(jù)第三段中的“…ordinary people are increasingly involved in compiling，sharing，filterin，discussing and distributing news”可知D項(xiàng)正確�？Х瑞^式新聞的回歸并不是信息技術(shù)發(fā)展中計(jì)劃好所以“Planning the return to coffee-house news”不是信息技術(shù)擔(dān)任的角色。試題解析
細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第二、三、四段的內(nèi)容可知信息技術(shù)在不斷挑戰(zhàn)傳統(tǒng)的大眾傳媒，A項(xiàng)正確；根據(jù)第三段中的“Classified documents are published in their thousands online”可知C項(xiàng)正確；根據(jù)第三段中的“…ordinary people are increasingly involved in compiling，sharing，filterin，discussing and distributing news”可知D項(xiàng)正確�？Х瑞^式新聞的回歸并不是信息技術(shù)發(fā)展中計(jì)劃好所以“Planning the return to coffee-house news”不是信息技術(shù)擔(dān)任的角色。單選題第4題The author’s tone in the last paragraph towards new journalism is＿＿＿.
A.optimistic and cautious
B.supportive and skeptical
C.doubtful and reserved
D.ambiguous and cautious
參考答案：A
試題解析
態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“In principle，every liberal should celebrate this. A more participatory and social news environment...is a good thing”可知，作者對(duì)新式新聞持樂(lè)觀態(tài)度，排除C、D。根據(jù)最后一句“The coffee house is back.Enjoy it.”可知，作者的口吻是堅(jiān)定的，所以B項(xiàng)中的skeptical（懷疑的）不合適。由“...although this transformation does raise concems…”可知，作者并未否認(rèn)這種新式新聞的負(fù)面影響，因此可以說(shuō)是比較嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)模╟autious）。試題解析
態(tài)度題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“In principle，every liberal should celebrate this. A more participatory and social news environment...is a good thing”可知，作者對(duì)新式新聞持樂(lè)觀態(tài)度，排除C、D。根據(jù)最后一句“The coffee house is back.Enjoy it.”可知，作者的口吻是堅(jiān)定的，所以B項(xiàng)中的skeptical（懷疑的）不合適。由“...although this transformation does raise concems…”可知，作者并未否認(rèn)這種新式新聞的負(fù)面影響，因此可以說(shuō)是比較嚴(yán)謹(jǐn)?shù)模╟autious）。單選題第5題In“The coffee house is back”，coffee house best symbolizes______.
A.the changing characteristics of news audience
B.the more diversified means of news distribution
C.the participatory nature of news
D.the more varied sources of news
參考答案：C
試題解析
推斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Three hundred years ago news travelled by word of mouth or letter，and circulated in taverns and coffee houses in the form of pamphlets and newsletters”，第二段中的“Now， the news industry is returning to something closer to the coffee house.The internet is making news more participatory...”以及最后一段中的“A more participatory and social news environment...”可知咖啡館式新聞傳播方式的一大特點(diǎn)就是參與性。試題解析
推斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的“Three hundred years ago news travelled by word of mouth or letter，and circulated in taverns and coffee houses in the form of pamphlets and newsletters”，第二段中的“Now， the news industry is returning to something closer to the coffee house.The internet is making news more participatory...”以及最后一段中的“A more participatory and social news environment...”可知咖啡館式新聞傳播方式的一大特點(diǎn)就是參與性。涉及考點(diǎn)
《英語(yǔ)學(xué)科知識(shí)與教學(xué)能力》（高級(jí)中學(xué)）
第一章 語(yǔ)言知識(shí)與能力
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