問答題根據(jù)提供的信息和語言素材設(shè)計教學(xué)方案,用英文作答。
設(shè)計任務(wù)：請閱讀下面學(xué)生信息和語言素材，設(shè)計40分鐘的英語閱讀教學(xué)方案。
該方案沒有固定格式，但須包含下列要點：
● teaching objectives
● teaching contents
● key and difficult points
●major steps and time allocation
●activities and justifications
教學(xué)時間：40分鐘
學(xué)生概況：某城鎮(zhèn)普通中學(xué)高中一年級學(xué)生。班級人數(shù)40人。多數(shù)學(xué)生已經(jīng)達到《普通高中英語課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)（實驗）》五級水平。學(xué)生課堂參與積極性一般。
語言素材
Festivals around the world
Festivals and Celebrations
Festivals and celebrations of all kinds have been held everywhere since ancient times. Most ancient festivals would celebrate the end of cold weather, planting in spring and harvest in autumn. Sometimes celebrations would be held after hunters had caught animals. At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find, especially during the cold winter months. Today’s festivals have many origins, some religious, some seasonal, and some for special people or events.
Festivals of the dead
Some festivals are held to honor the dead or to satisfy the ancestors, who might return either to help or to do harm. For the Japanese festival Obon, people should go to clean graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors. They also light lamps and play music because they think that this will lead the ancestors back to earth. In Mexico, people celebrate the Day of the dead in early November On this important feast day, people eat food in the shape of skulls and cakes with"bones"on them. They offer food, flowers and gifts to the dead. The Western holiday Halloween also had its origin in old beliefs about the return of the spirits of dead people. It is now a children’s festival, when they can dress up and go to their neighbors’homes to ask for sweets. If the neighbors do not give any sweets, the children might play a trick on them.
Festivals to Honor People
Festivals can also be held to honor famous people. The Dragon Boat Festival in China honors the famous ancient poet, Qu Yuan. In the USA, Columbus Day is in memory of the arrival of Christopher Columbus in the New World. India has a national festival on October 2 to honor Mohandas Gandhi, the leader who helped gain India’s independence from Britain.
Harvest Festivals
Harvest and Thanksgiving festivals can be very happy events. People are grateful because their food is gathered for the winter and the agricultural work is over. In European countries, people will usually decorate churches and town halls with flowers and fruit, and will get together to have meals. Some people might win awards for their farm produce, like the biggest watermelon or the most handsome rooster. China and Japan have mid-autumn festivals, when people admire the moon and in China, enjoy moon cakes.
Spring Festivals
The most energetic and important festivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and to the coming of spring, At the Spring Festival in China, people eat dumplings, fish and meat and may give children lucky money in red paper. There are dragon dances and camivals, and families celebrate the Lunar New Year together. Some Western countries have very exciting camivals, which take place forty days before Easter, usually in February. These carnivals might include parades, dancing in the streets day and night, loud music and colorful clothing of all kinds. Easter is an important religious and social festival for Christians around the world. It celebrates the return of Jesus from the dead and the coming of spring and new life. Japan’s Cherry Blossom Festival happens a little later. The country, covered with cherry tree flowers, looks as though it is covered with pink snow.
People love to get together to eat, drink and have fun with each other. Festivals let us enjoy life, be proud of our customs and forget our work for a little while.