表語從句

　　1、表語從句概述

　　表語從句在復合句中作主語的表語。一般放在主句的謂語動詞(聯(lián)系動詞)之后，引導表語從句的詞有連詞that, whether, as if;代詞who, what, which;副詞when, where, how, why等，如：

　　The trouble is that she has lost his address. 麻煩在于她弄丟了他的地址。

　　The question is whether it is worth doing. 問題在于是否值得做。

　　It looked as if it was going to snow. 看起來似乎要下雪。

　　That is what he is worried about. 那就是他所擔憂的。

　　That is where he was born.那兒是他出生的地方。

　　This is how she did it. 這就是他如何做這件事的。

　　That is why he was late. 那便是他為何遲到了。

　　2、that引導的表語從句

　　當表語從句為陳述句的語氣時，用that來引導，that無任何義，不充當任何句子成分，如：

　　The fact is that the child is lying. 事實是那個小孩在說謊。

　　The trouble is that we are short of money. 問題在于我們缺錢。

　　The reason is that we can’t get there on time. 原因在于我們不能按時到達那里。

　　3、whether引導的表語從句

　　當表語從句為不確定的語氣時，用whether來引導，此時通常不可用if代替whether，如：

　　The question is whether people will buy it. 問題在于人們是否會買它。

　　What I want to know is whether I should to there. 我想要知道的是我是否應該去那里。

　　4、wh-疑問詞引導的表語從句

　　當表語從句為疑問的語氣時，用wh-疑問句來引導，要注意表語從句的語序要用陳述句的語序，如：

　　The question is where we should go. 問題是我們應該去哪兒。

　　That is why he was late. 那是他為什么遲到了

　　5、as if/ though引導的表語從句

　　He looks as if he were angry. 他看起來似乎非常生氣。

　　同位語從句

　　1、用作同位語的從句，叫同位語從句。它一般跟在某些名詞的后面，用以說明或解釋前面的名詞，引導同位語從句的詞有連詞that，連接副詞how, when, where等，如：

　　I have no idea when he will be back. 我不知道他何時會回來。

　　We heard the news that our team had won. 我聽到了我們隊勝利的消息。

　　2、that引導的同位語從句

　　在某些名詞后可用that引導同位語從句，如：

　　I had no idea that you were here. 我不知道你在這里。

　　The act that he won the first prize can’t be denied. 他取得第一名的事實不容否認。

　　3、no idea+ wh-疑問詞引導的同位語從句

　　I have no idea where he has gone. 我不知道他去了哪里。

　　She had no idea how she should do. 她不知道她應該怎樣做。

　　4、應注意的幾個問題

　　(1)名詞demand ,proposal ,suggestion等后的同位語從句要用虛擬語氣，謂語為“should+動詞原形“或只用動詞原形，如：

　　The suggestion that the plan (should) be delayed will be discussed tomorrow.

　　推遲那項計劃的建議將在明天討論。

　　She refused the demand that he (should) do the work alone.

　　她拒絕了他單獨做那項工作的請求。

　　(2)同位語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別

　　同位語從句引導詞無意義，不充當成分，但不可省略，同位語從句與其說明的名詞或代詞應為同一內容，但定語從句的引導詞要在句中作成分，是對先行詞的一個限定說明，如：

　　He told me the news that our team won.(that引導同位語從句)

　　He told me the news that(which) was very exciting.(that引導定語從句)

　　We are interested in the news that some foreigners will visit our school.(同位語從句)

　　We are interested in the news that he told us.(定語從句)