Children who grip their pens too close to the writing point are likely to be at a disadvantage in examinations，(31) ___to the first serious investigation into the way in which writing technique Can dramatically affect educational achievement.

　　The survey of 643 children and adults，ranking from pre-school t0 40-plus，also suggests(32) ___pen—holding techniques have deteriorated sharply over one generation，with teachers now paying far(33) ___attention to correct pen grip and handwriting style.

　　Stephanie Thomas，a learning support teacher(34)—___findings have been published，was inspired to investigate this area(35) ___he noticed that those students who had the most trouble with spelling(36) ___had a poor pen grip.While Mr.Thomas could not establish a significant statistical link(37) ___pen—holing style and accuracy in spelling，he(38) ___find huge differences in technique between the young children and the mature adults，and a definite(39) ___between near—point gripping and slow，illegible writing.

　　People who(40) ___—their pens at the writing point also show other characteristics(41) ___inhibit learning，(42) ___as poor posture，leaning too(43) ___to the desk，using four fingers to grip the penn(44) ___than three，and clumsy positioning of the thumb(which can obscure(45)——is being written).

　　Mr.Thomas believes that the(46) ___between elder and younger writers is(47) ___too dramatic to be accounted for simply by the possibility that people get better at writing as they grow(48) ___.He attributes it to a failure to teach the most effective methods，pointing out that the differences between(49) ___groups coincides with the abandonment of formal handwriting instruction in classrooms in the sixties.“The 30-year- old showed a huge diversity of grips，(50) ___me over 40s group all had a uniform‘tripod’grip.”

　　31.according 【解析】according to意為“根據(jù)”，為固定短語，本句句意為“根據(jù)對…的嚴(yán)格調(diào)查，…。”

　　32.that 【解析】此空之后的內(nèi)容為suggests的內(nèi)容，即此處應(yīng)填that，引導(dǎo)賓語從句。

　　33.1ess 【解析】由此空前面的“deteriorated sharply”可知此空應(yīng)填“更少的”，而不是“更多的”。

　　34.whose 【解析】此句意為“Stephanie Thomas，一位學(xué)習(xí)輔導(dǎo)老師，…發(fā)現(xiàn)已經(jīng)發(fā)表了…。”由此可知，空處所填單詞必為whose，引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾teacher。

　　35.after 【解析】此句意為“…他注意到了那些拼寫有問題的學(xué)生也有一個(gè)壞的握筆習(xí)慣，他受到鼓舞調(diào)查這個(gè)領(lǐng)域。”

　　36.also 【解析】由35題解析，拼寫有問題的學(xué)生必定握筆習(xí)慣不好。

　　37.between 【解析】此句意為“Thomas先生盡管不能在握筆方式和拼寫準(zhǔn)確性之間建立重要的統(tǒng)計(jì)學(xué)聯(lián)系，…”所以答案為介詞between。

　　38.did 【解析】據(jù)38題解析，由于while意為“盡管”，才有后面起強(qiáng)調(diào)作用的did，意為“確實(shí)”，言下之意有轉(zhuǎn)折之意。

　　39.1ink 【解析】與37題對應(yīng)，此處應(yīng)填link，表明在“near-point gripping”和“slow，illegible writing”之間存在聯(lián)系。

　　40.grip 【解析】顯然，此空應(yīng)填一個(gè)動(dòng)詞“握，拿”，英語中握筆用動(dòng)詞grip。

　　41.which 【解析】由此句句子成分分析，此空以后的應(yīng)為定語從句，修飾characteristics，所以此空應(yīng)填which，引導(dǎo)定語從句。

　　42.such 【解析】“poor posture，leaning too…to the desk，using…”均是對characteristics的舉例說明，而舉例用英語說應(yīng)為“such as”。

　　43.close 【解析】顯然，不好的習(xí)慣是“太靠近桌子”，故應(yīng)填“近”。

　　44.rather 【解析】此空所在句意為“用四個(gè)手指握筆而不是三個(gè)�！眗ather than表示“而不是”。

　　45.what 【解析】顯然，此空后的句子應(yīng)為“0bscure”的賓語從句，而“is being written”中缺主語，可做主句的賓語、從句的主語的只有what。

　　46.difference 【解析】顯然，這句話是在對老年人和年輕人寫字之間進(jìn)行比較，而且由后半句中的“get better at…”可知，此空必為“不同的”。

　　47.far 【解析】能修飾too的副詞只有far或much。

　　48.older 【解析】grow只能是年齡越來越大。

　　49.age 【解析】此段話均是在比較不同年齡段的人之間寫字的不同，故此空應(yīng)填“年齡”。

　　50.but 【解析】此句意為“30歲的人表現(xiàn)出非常不同的握筆方式，…超過40歲的人都統(tǒng)一用三個(gè)手指握筆。”顯然，此空處表轉(zhuǎn)折。