公共英語三級完形填空部分常見詞匯辨析
公共英語三級完形填空部分常見詞匯辨析
1. clothes, cloth, clothing
clothes統(tǒng)指各種衣服，謂語動(dòng)詞永遠(yuǎn)是復(fù)數(shù)， cloth指布，為不可數(shù)名詞 clothing 服裝的總稱，指一件衣服用a piece of, an article of
2. incident, accident
incident指小事件, accident指不幸的事故He was killed in the accident.
3. amount, number
amount后接不可數(shù)名詞， number后接可數(shù)名詞 a number of students
4. sound, voice, noise
sound自然界各種各樣的聲音，voice人的嗓音，noise噪音I hate the loud noise outside.
5. weather, climate
weather一天內(nèi)具體的天氣狀況，climate長期的氣候狀況 The climate here is not good for you.
6. road, street, path, way
road具體的公路，馬路，street街道，path小路，小徑，way道路，途徑
take this road; in the street, show me the way to the museum.
7. course, subject
course課程(可包括多門科目)，subject科目(具體的學(xué)科)a summer course
8. custom, habit
custom傳統(tǒng)風(fēng)俗，習(xí)俗，也可指生活習(xí)慣，后接to do， habit生活習(xí)慣，習(xí)慣成自然，后接of doing. I've got the habit of drinking a lot.
9. cause, reason
cause 指造成某一事實(shí)或現(xiàn)象的直接原因，后接of sth./doing sth，reason用來解釋某種現(xiàn)象或結(jié)果的理由，后接for sth./doing sth. the reason for being late
10. exercise, exercises, practice
exercise運(yùn)動(dòng)，鍛煉(不可數(shù))，exercises練習(xí)(可數(shù))，practice(反復(fù)做的)練習(xí)
Practice makes perfect.
11. damage, damages
damage不可數(shù)名詞, 損害，損失; damages復(fù)數(shù)形式, 賠償金 $900 damages
12. problem, question
problem常和困難連系，前面的動(dòng)詞常為think about, solve, raise，question常和疑問連系，多和ask, answer連用
13. trip, journey, travel, voyage
travel是最常用的，trip指短期的旅途，journey指稍長的旅途，voyage指海上航行a three-day trip
14. a number of, the number of
a number of許多，謂語動(dòng)詞用復(fù)數(shù)。the number of…的數(shù)目，謂語動(dòng)詞用單數(shù)。The number of students is increasing.
15. for a moment, for the moment
for a moment 片刻，一會兒，for the moment暫時(shí)，一時(shí) Thinking for a moment, he agreed.
16. more than a year, more than one year
more than a year一年多，more than one year超過一年(兩年或三年等)
17. take advice, take the(one's) advice
take advice征求意見，take the advice接受忠告 He refused to take the advice and failed again.
18. take air, take the air
take air傳播，走漏，take the air到戶外去，散步 We take the air every day.
19. in a word, in words
in a word總之，一句話， in words口頭上 In a word, you are right.
20. in place of, in the place of
in place of代替，in the place of在…地方 A new building is built in the place of the old one.
21. go to sea, by sea, by the sea
go to sea當(dāng)海員，出航，by sea乘船，由海路， by the sea在海邊 go by sea
22. the doctor and teacher, the doctor and the teacher
the doctor and teacher指一個(gè)人，既是醫(yī)生又是老師，the doctor and the teacher兩個(gè)人，一個(gè)醫(yī)生和一個(gè)老師 the doctor and teacher is
23. in office, in the office
in office在職的，in the office在辦公室里 He is in office, not out of office.
24. in bed, on the bed
in bed臥在床上，on the bed在床上 The book is on the bed. He is ill in bed.
25. in charge of, in the charge of
in charge of管理，負(fù)責(zé)照料， in the charge of由……照料 He is in charge of the matter. The matter is in the charge of her.
26. out of question, out of the question
out of question毫無疑問的，out of the question不可能的
27. not a little, not a bit
not a little非常，not a bit一點(diǎn)也不 I'm not a bit tired. 我一點(diǎn)兒也不累。
28. many, much, a lot of
many和可數(shù)名詞連用，much和不可數(shù)名詞連用，a lot of可數(shù)，不可數(shù)均可，但不用于否定句 I haven't many books.
29. no, not
no=not a/any no friend=not a/any friend no water=not any water
30. no more than, not more than
no more than相當(dāng)于only，僅僅，只有，not more than 至多，不超過
31. majority, most
majority只能修飾可數(shù)名詞，most可數(shù)不可數(shù)均可 the majority of people
32. by oneself, for oneself, to oneself, of oneself
by oneself單獨(dú)的，獨(dú)自的，for oneself為自己，to oneself供自己用的，of oneself 自行的，
自動(dòng)的 The door opened of itself.
33. at all, after all
at all根本，全然, after all到底，畢竟 After all he is a child.
34. tall, high
tall常指人或動(dòng)物，high常指物體 He is tall.
35. fast, quickly
fast側(cè)重于指人或物體具有運(yùn)動(dòng)速度快的特點(diǎn)，quickly側(cè)重指某事完成或發(fā)生的快 run fast, answer the question quickly
36. high, highly
high具體的高，highly抽象的高，高度的 think highly of
37. healthy, healthful
healthy健康的，健壯的，healthful有益于健康的 healthful exercise
38. sleeping, asleep, sleepy
sleeping正在睡覺，asleep睡著，熟睡，只能做表語，sleepy困的，有睡意的
a sleeping baby The baby is asleep. I'm sleepy.
39. gold, golden
gold指真金制品，golden指金色的，但金魚用gold fish a gold ring
40. most, mostly
most用于表感受的肯定句中，相當(dāng)于very，當(dāng)大部分，大多數(shù)解時(shí)是形容詞或名詞，
mostly大部分,是副詞 most people, the people are mostly…
41. just, very
just表強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)是副詞，作狀語，very表強(qiáng)調(diào)時(shí)是形容詞，用作定語 the very man, just the man
42. wide, broad
wide側(cè)重于一邊到另一邊的距離，broad側(cè)重于幅面的寬廣broad shoulders
43. real, true
real真的，真實(shí)的，指的是事實(shí)上存在而不是想象的，true真的，真正的，指的是事實(shí)和實(shí)際情況相符合 real gold, a true story
44. respectful, respectable
respectful尊敬，有禮貌，respectable可敬的，值得尊敬的 be respectful to the aged
45. pleasant, pleased, pleasing
pleasant常用作定語，pleased, pleasing常用作表語，pleased主語常為人，
pleasing主語常為物 a pleasant trip The trip is pleasing.
46. understanding, understandable
understanding明白事理的，能體諒的，understandable 可理解的，能夠懂的
an understanding girl, an understandable mistake
47. close, closely
close接近，靠近，closely緊緊地，緊密地 closely connected, stand close
48. ill, sick
ill做表語，sick定，表均可 a sick boy
49. quiet, silent, still
quiet安靜的，可以發(fā)出小的聲音，silent不發(fā)出聲音，但可以動(dòng)，still完全不動(dòng)，完全無聲響 He stand there still. 他站在那兒，一動(dòng)不動(dòng)，也不說話。
50. hard, hardly
hard努力，hardly幾乎不 work hard I can hardly believe it.
51. able, capable
able與不定式to do連用，capable與of連用 He is capable of doing…
52. almost, nearly
二者均為"幾乎,差不多" 和否定詞連用用almost almost nobody
53. late, lately
late遲，晚，lately最近，近來 I haven't seen him lately.
54. living, alive, live, lively
living, alive, live均為活著的，living定表均可，alive定表均可，定語后置，live只能做定語，lively意為活波的 all the living people=all the people alive
55. deep, deeply
deep具體的深，deeply抽象的深，深深地 deeply moved, dig deep
56. aloud, loud
aloud出聲地，loud大聲地 read aloud(出聲地讀)
57. worth, worthy
二者均為值得，worth后接doing，worthy后接to be done, of being done
It is worth visiting. = It's worthy to be visited. = It's worthy of being visited.
58. bad, badly
bad形容詞，badly副詞，不好，但與need, want, require連用為"很，非常" go bad
I need the book badly.
59. before long, long before
before long不久以后，long before很久以前 not long before = before long
60. quite, rather
quite完全地，相當(dāng)于completely, rather修飾比較級 quite impossible
61. instead, instead of
instead是副詞，放在句首或句末，instead of是介詞短語，放在句中
He didn't see a film. Instead he watched TV. He watched TV instead of seeing a film.
62. too much, much too
too much 后接不可數(shù)名詞，much too后接形容詞 much too heavy
63. bring, take, carry, fetch
bring拿來，take帶走，carry隨身攜帶，fetch去回這一往返動(dòng)作 fetch a box of chalk
64. spend, take, pay, cost
spend人做主語，花錢，花時(shí)間; spend…on sth./in doing sth; take物做主語，花時(shí)間;
pay人做主語，花錢，pay for; cost物做主語，花錢
65. learn, study
learn學(xué)習(xí)，側(cè)重學(xué)習(xí)的結(jié)果，study學(xué)習(xí)，側(cè)重學(xué)習(xí)的過程，研究
study the problem
66. want, hope, wish
want打算，想要，want to do, want sb. to do, hope希望(通�？梢詫�(shí)現(xiàn))，hope to do/ hope that… wish希望(通常不能實(shí)現(xiàn))wish (sb.) to do, wish sb/sth. + n. I wish you success.
67. discover, invent, find out
discover發(fā)現(xiàn)本來存在但不為人所知的東西，invent發(fā)明本來不存在的物體，
find out發(fā)現(xiàn)，查明 At last he found out the truth.
68. leave, leave for
leave離開，leave for前往 He left Beijing for Shanghai.
69. rob, steal
rob搶劫 rob sb. of sth.，steal偷 steal sth. from sb.
70. used to, be used to
used to過去常常，be used to習(xí)慣于，后接sth./doing sth.;被用來，后接 do sth. He is used to getting up early.
71. win, lose, beat
win后接sth.，反義詞為lose, beat后接sb. win the game, beat them
72. beat, hit, strike
beat連續(xù)性地?fù)舸?hit打中，對準(zhǔn)打;strike打一下或若干下 beat the wings
73. be tired of, be tired with/from
be tired of厭煩…，be tired with/from因?yàn)椤哿?be tired with/from running 800 meters
74. care about, care for
care about關(guān)心，計(jì)較，在乎，一般多用于否定句中;care for關(guān)心，照料，喜歡，愿意
He doesn't care about his clothes. I don't care for movies.
75. catch a cold, have a cold
catch a cold不能和表示"一段時(shí)間"的狀語連用，而have a cold可以
She has had a cold for a week.
76. continue, last
二者均為持續(xù)，continue主動(dòng)，被動(dòng)均可，last只能用主動(dòng) The war continued/lasted five years. The story is to be continued.
77. notice, observe, catch sight of
notice注意到，observe觀察，仔細(xì)地看，catch sight of突然看到 observe the stars
78. insist on, stick to
insist on堅(jiān)持要求，后常接doing, stick to堅(jiān)持, 后常接sth. stick to the plan
79. mean to do, mean doing
mean to do打算，想要做某事，mean doing意思是，意味著
By this I mean giving the students more practice.
80. whether, if
當(dāng)是否解時(shí)，只有在賓語從句中二者可以互換，其余都用whether，當(dāng)如果解時(shí)用if I don't know if/whether he will come. If he comes, I'll let you know.
81. as well, as well as
as well也，常放于句末，和and連用表示既…又;as well as并列連詞，不但…而且…
He is a professor, and a writer as well.
82. arrive, get, reach
arrive不及物動(dòng)詞，后接in (大地點(diǎn))，at(小地點(diǎn))，get不及物動(dòng)詞后接to，reach及物動(dòng)詞
arrive in Beijing, get to Beijing, reach Beijing
83. besides, except, except for
besides除了…還(包括在內(nèi))except除了(不包括在內(nèi))，
except for整體…除了某一點(diǎn)以外 The composition is good except for a few spelling mistakes.
84. choose, select
choose憑個(gè)人的判斷力進(jìn)行選擇，select有目的地仔細(xì)認(rèn)真地選擇 choose the best answer
85. be familiar to, be familiar with
be familiar to某物對某人來說是熟悉的，be familiar with某人熟悉某物
The book is familiar to me. I'm familiar with the book.
86. agree with, agree to, agree on
agree with同意某人，agree to同意某事，agree on在…上達(dá)成一致意見，主語是復(fù)數(shù) agree with you, agree to the plan
87. receive, accept
receive收到某一東西，但不一定接受，accept接受 I received a gift, but I didn't accept it.
88. wear, put on, dress
wear和dress表狀態(tài),wear接衣服等,可用進(jìn)行時(shí)，dress接人,be dressed in, put on表動(dòng)作
It's cold outside. Put on your warm clothes.
89. such…that, so…that
當(dāng)如此…以至于解時(shí)，such…that修飾名詞，so…that修飾形容詞或副詞，
但名詞前面如果有many, much, little, few修飾用so…that，不用such that
so many people that… such a lovely boy=so lovely a boy
90. look, see, watch
look看的動(dòng)作，see看的結(jié)果，watch強(qiáng)調(diào)所看物體的變化、移動(dòng)和發(fā)展watch TV
91. lie, lay lie躺，位于(lay, lain),說謊(lied, lied)，lay平放(laid, laid) lay the book
92. hurt, injure, wound
hurt感情上受傷，injure事故中受傷，wound戰(zhàn)爭中受傷 He was wounded in the war.
93. close, shut, turn off
close和shut當(dāng)關(guān)解時(shí)可以通用，用于可開合的物體，turn off用于指有開關(guān)的物體
Close/Shut the door. Turn off the TV.
94. at ease, with ease at ease舒適地，安逸地;with ease容易地，無困難地 do it with ease
95. day after day, day by day
day after day日復(fù)一日(無變化);day by day一天天地(有變化)Trees grow taller day by day.
96. between, among
between兩者之間，三者或三者以上兩兩之間, among三者或三者以上之間
Switzerland lies between France, Germany, Australia and Italy.
97. on earth, on the earth, in the earth
on earth在世上，在人間，到底，究竟，一點(diǎn)也不，on the earth在地上，在地球上，
in the earth在地下，在泥土里 no use on earth
98. in the air, on the air, in the sky
in the air正在醞釀中，on the air播送，廣播，in the sky在天空中
His show is on the air at 6:00 tonight.
99. through, across
through穿越空間，across在…上穿過 through the forest, across the desert
100. on the way, in the way
on the way在前往…的路上，in the way擋路 The chair is in the way.
