Children growing up in the UK today face a plethora of societal pressures and challenges. Our young people are some of the most overweight in Europe, are recording increasing levels of mental health issues, and are more likely to live a shorter life than their parents. They're also less likely to lead a financially stable life.

　　Last Wednesday the leaders of the Labour, Scottish National, Lib Dem and Green parties sent a letter to the prime minister, calling for "a comprehensive strategy to tackle childhood obesityn. It included 13 recommendations, but there were two glaring omissions from the list: the role of physical activity, and improving mental health and wellbeing——a decision I find deeply disheartening(令人沮喪的)in a u comprehensivestrategy.

　　I recognise the positive impact that many of the recommendations could have, such as banning free offers for junk food and restrictions on advertising, and using tax incentives(稅收激勵政策)to make healthy food cheaper. But you cannot have a comprehensive strategy that looks only at diet, and ignores wider factors such as physical activity and mental health.

　　This August will mark the two-year anniversary of the government's childhood obesity plan, which was an opportunity to put children's health at the heart of policymaking and practice. But by focusing on calories in and calories out are we missing the bigger picture? Children are seldom the main decision-maker on the factors in their life that promote weight gain ; they rarely choose what they eat ( at home or at school) ; their activity levels are often subject to the depth of a parent's purse ; and they largely exist in educational settings that are forced to place more emphasis on standardised testing than on health and wellbeing.

　　At ukactive, we champion the physical, mental and social benefits that come from an active, healthy life. I have seen first hand the vital role that the physical activity sector has in helping to tackle childhood obesity.

　　But we also recognise that our sector cannot achieve its ambitions for a healthier Britain alone. We must seek consensus across all political parties that obesity is a complex disease for which no single cause or cure exists. It's never been clearer that we need to develop a cross-party strategy that drives an integrated approach to this fundamental issue. The diet and physical activity agendas are of equal importance, and both sectors have to work together. To shun a collaborative, holistic approach would be to jeopardise the future health and prosperity of the UK.

　　1. The health problems of the young people in the UK will lead to .

　　A) various psychiatric disorders

　　B) weight loss and increased energy

　　C) shorter life expectancy

　　D) more expenditure

　　2. According to the author, what did the comprehensivestrategy miss?

　　A) Forbidding junk food.

　　B) Promoting physical exercise and mental health.

　　C) Controlling food advertising.

　　D) Making the healthy food cheaper.

　　3. Which of the following can be inferred from Paragraph 4?

　　A) Parents need to help the children calculate the specific calories needed for each day.

　　B) Children should decide what and how much they eat by themselves.

　　C) Most children focuses more on their academic achievements

　　D) The overweight children are less willing to do physical activities.

　　4. By citing the example of ukactive, the author aims to .

　　A) warn the public of the consequences of obesity

　　B) remind the parents of the urgency of solving their children's health problems

　　C) appeal to the government to make effective laws and regulations

　　D) help people recognize the importance of physical activity

　　5. According to Paragraph 6, which of the following does the author support?

　　A) It is impossible for Britain to learn from the practice of ukactive.

　　B) Diet and physical activity should be combined to deal with obesity.

　　C) There is no simple cure for obesity considering its complex causes and contributing factors.

　　D) The government should shoulder more responsibility to solve the problem of obesity.

　　參考答案：

　　當(dāng)今,在英國長大的孩子要面臨很多的社會壓力和挑戰(zhàn)。較之于其他歐洲國家的年輕人, 英國的年輕人要更胖。 他們的精神健康問題也越來越嚴(yán)重, 而且有可能沒他們的父母壽命長。 而且他們的經(jīng)濟(jì)狀況也不太可能穩(wěn)定。

　　上周三,工黨、蘇格蘭民族黨、自由民主黨和綠黨的領(lǐng)袖給首相寫了一封信,呼吁制定“ 解決兒童肥胖問題的全面戰(zhàn)略”。 戰(zhàn)略包括 13 項建議, 但其中有兩處遺漏非常明顯:體育活動的作用,以及改善心理健康和提高幸福感———這讓我對這個戰(zhàn)略的“ 全面” 性深感憂慮。

　　我意識到許多建議能夠產(chǎn)生積極影響,比如禁止免費發(fā)放垃圾食品,限制廣告和利用稅收激勵政策讓健康食品更平價。 但一個全面的策略不能只關(guān)注飲食,卻忽視更廣泛的因素,比如體育鍛煉和心理健康。

　　今年 8 月是政府實施兒童肥胖計劃的兩周年紀(jì)念日,借此機(jī)會可使兒童健康政策制定和實踐成為整個計劃的重中之重。 但是只關(guān)注卡路里的攝入和消耗,我們是否忽略了一個更大的問題? 在生活中,兒童很少會自己決定是否會做那些令體重增加的事情;他們很少會自己選擇在家或?qū)W校吃的食物;他們的活動強(qiáng)度也往往取決于父母的錢包;而且他們中的大部分所處的教育環(huán)境會更加側(cè)重于標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化測試,而不是他們的身體健康狀況和幸福感。

　　在 ukactive,我們倡導(dǎo)通過積極、健康的生活

　　方式來改善青年人的身心健康,促進(jìn)社會和諧。我曾親眼目睹體育活動部門在兒童肥胖問題上起到的重要作用。

　　但我們也認(rèn)識到,僅憑我們行業(yè)的一己之力無法實現(xiàn)建設(shè)一個更健康英國的目標(biāo)。 所有政黨必須達(dá)成共識, 認(rèn)識到肥胖是一種復(fù)雜的疾病,產(chǎn)生的原因也非單一化,而且也沒有一個單一的靈丹妙藥能解決這個問題。 我們需要制定一個跨黨派的戰(zhàn)略,從而形成一個全面的策略, 解決這個重要問題,這一點再清楚不過了。 飲食和體育活動同樣重要,這兩個部門必須共同努力。 不合作、不采取全面的方式,將會危及英國未來的健康和繁榮。

　　1. 【答案】C

　　【詳解】 事實細(xì)節(jié)題。 第一段中提到英國的孩子要面臨更多的壓力和挑戰(zhàn),因為他們比別的國家的人更胖,精神健康問題也越來越嚴(yán)重,并且壽命也沒有他們的父母長,因此正確答案為 C)。 選項 A) “ 各種精神疾病”,選項 B)“ 體重降低、能量增加”,選項 D) “ 更多的開支” 均與原文不符。

　　2. 【答案】B

　　【詳解】 事實細(xì)節(jié)題。 根據(jù)題干信息可定位到第二段。 第二段中提到工黨、蘇格蘭民族黨、自由民主黨和綠黨的領(lǐng)袖給首相寫了一封信,呼吁制定“ 解決兒童肥胖問題的全面戰(zhàn)略”。 其中包括 13 項建議,但其中有兩處遺漏非常明顯:體育活動的作用,以及改善心理健康和提高幸福感———這讓我對這個戰(zhàn)略的 “ 全面” 性深感憂慮。 因此應(yīng)選擇 B)。 選項　A)“ 禁止垃圾食品”, 選項 C) “ 控制食品廣告”,選項 D) “ 使健康食品更便宜” 均不符合題意。

　　3.　【答案】C

　　【詳解】 判斷推理題。 根據(jù)題干信息可定位到第四段,第四段中提到在當(dāng)前的教育環(huán)境中,學(xué)生會更加側(cè)重標(biāo)準(zhǔn)化測試的情況,而往往會忽略他們的身體健康狀況和幸福感。 因此應(yīng)選擇 C)。 選項 A) “ 家長應(yīng)該幫助孩子計算出每天所需的卡路里” 與原文相反。 選項 B)“ 孩子應(yīng)該決定每天吃什么,吃多少” 文中未提到。 選項 D)“ 超重的孩子不愿意做體育運動” 未在文中涉及。

　　4. 【答案】D

　　【詳解】 事實細(xì)節(jié)題。 根據(jù)題干信息可定位到第五段。 第五段中提到在 ukactive,倡導(dǎo)通過積極、健康的生活方式來提高青年人的身心健康,促進(jìn)社會和諧,作者曾親眼目睹體育活動部門在兒童肥胖問題上起到的重要作用,因此應(yīng)選擇 D)。 選項 A) “ 警告人們肥胖的危害”,選項 B)“ 提醒父母解決孩子們肥胖問題的緊迫性”,選項 C)“ 呼吁政府制定有效地法律法規(guī)” 均未在文中提到。

　　5. 【答案】B

　　【詳解】 判斷推理題。 最后一段中提到所有政黨必須達(dá)成共識,認(rèn)識到肥胖是一種復(fù)雜的疾病,一起解決這個問題。 并且飲食和體育活動同樣重要,這兩個部門必須共同努力。因此應(yīng)選擇 B)。 選項 A) “ 英國不能學(xué)習(xí)ukactive 的做法”,選項 C) “ 由于原因比較復(fù)雜,還沒有簡單的解決肥胖問題的方法”,選項 D)“ 政府應(yīng)承擔(dān)更多的責(zé)任來解決肥胖的問題” 均不符合題意。

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