2016年公共英語考試二級語法：過去完成時(shí)

　　1) 概念：

　　表示過去的過去

　　其構(gòu)成是had +過去分詞構(gòu)成。

　　那時(shí)以前　那時(shí)　現(xiàn)在

　　2) 用法

　　a.在told, said, knew, heard, thought等動(dòng)詞后的賓語從句。

　　She said (that) she had never been to Paris.

　　b. 狀語從句

　　在過去不同時(shí)間發(fā)生的兩個(gè)動(dòng)作中，發(fā)生在先，用過去完成時(shí);發(fā)生在后，用一般過去時(shí)。

　　When the police arrived, the thieves had run away.

　　c. 表示意向的動(dòng)詞，如hope, wish, expect, think, intend, mean, suppose等，用過去完成時(shí)表示"原本…，未能…"

　　We had hoped that you would come, but you didn't.

　　3)過去完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語：

　　before, by, until , when, after, once, as soon as.

　　He said that he had learned some English before.

　　By the time he was twelve, Edison had began to make a living by himself.

　　Tom was disappointed that most of the guests had left.