Here is a story: A man sees a butterfly(蝴蝶). The butterfly tries to get out of its chrysalis(蛹). Feeling sorry for it, the man decides to help. He cuts the chrysalis and the butterfly comes out easily. Surprisingly enough, the butterfly is unable to fly. If the butterfly doesn’t struggle(掙扎;奮斗) to leave the chrysalis, it can’t fly! The struggle develops the energy in the butterfly which makes it fly. Similarly, the challenges of life bring out the best in young people and make the fly.

　　When people are young, meeting and overcoming challenges will make them strong and ready to face life. When we look at successful people, we see that the most successful of them are people who have had to struggle. One famous businessman, who now owns many big supermarkets, used to carry clothes on his back and sell them from door to door when he was young. Another successful man is Dennis. His father died when he was only twenty. His father’s death forced him to mature fast. He had to bring up a family of nine people. He took up the challenges and overcame them. Today his brothers and sisters are leading successful lives.

　　Sometimes challenges do not appear to us because we keep away from them. So some parents and teachers actively encourage young people to face challenges. They might organize some activities for young people which provide them with challenges, like rock-climbing, camping, volunteer work and so on. However, just passing exams will not prepare a person for life. We must meet and overcome challenges. The young people of today will become the leaders of tomorrow. For countries to continue to become successful, it is important that the young people learn to meet challenges and overcome them.

　　1. From the story we know that the butterfly can’t fly because ________.

　　A. it gets out by itself

　　B. the man feels sorry for it

　　C. it tries to challenge itself

　　D. the man helps it come out

　　2. Dennis’s example shows that successful people should ________.

　　A. overcome the difficulties

　　B. take up business early

　　C. become the leaders of tomorrow

　　D. sell clothes from door to door

　　3. The meaning of the underlined word “mature” in the passage is “________”.

　　A. wake up

　　B. give up

　　C. grow up

　　D. bring up

　　4. What is the writer trying to do in this passage?

　　A. Describe where a butterfly comes from.

　　B. Encourage young people to face challenges.

　　C. Suggest how to become a successful businessman.

　　D. Explain what will happen if a person fails the exam.

　　5. What is the best title for this passage?

　　A. Successful People Have a Sense of Achievement

　　B. Young People Must Develop Their Energy Actively

　　C. Countries Should Continue to Become Successful

　　D. Challenges of Life Bring Out the Best in Young People

　　【答案】1---5：D A C B D;

　　【解析】本文論述了挑戰(zhàn)在人生經(jīng)歷中的重要性，最終告訴人們：年輕人學(xué)會(huì)面對(duì)挑戰(zhàn)并戰(zhàn)勝挑戰(zhàn)非常重要。

　　1. D，細(xì)節(jié)判斷題。

　　問(wèn)題：從文章中我們知道，蝴蝶不能飛是因?yàn)開(kāi)____。根據(jù)問(wèn)題主句“the butterfly can’t fly”定位答案在第一段。根據(jù)文章敘述“Feeling sorry for it, the man decides to help. He cuts the chrysalis and the butterfly comes out easily. Surprisingly enough, the butterfly is unable to fly.”(人因?yàn)楹�蝶痛苦而感到遺憾，決定幫助它，人切斷繭，蝴蝶很容易的出來(lái)，但吃驚的是不能飛);選項(xiàng)A. it gets out by itself它自己出來(lái);B. the man feels sorry for it人因此感到遺憾;C. it tries to challenge itself它試圖挑戰(zhàn)自己;D. the man helps it come out人幫助它出來(lái);結(jié)合文章語(yǔ)境及選項(xiàng)內(nèi)容可知，正確答案是D。

　　2. A，綜合判斷題。

　　問(wèn)題：Dennis的例子說(shuō)明成功的人應(yīng)該_____。根據(jù)Dennis的例子，定位答案在第二段。根據(jù)第二段結(jié)構(gòu)，舉例是為了說(shuō)明本段第一句的主題句，即“When people are young, meeting and overcoming challenges will make them strong and ready to face life. When we look at successful people, we see that the most successful of them are people who have had to struggle.”(人們年輕時(shí)遇到并戰(zhàn)勝挑戰(zhàn)使他們強(qiáng)壯并準(zhǔn)備面向生活，成功的人最成功之處是他們不得不掙扎);選項(xiàng)A. overcome the difficulties戰(zhàn)勝困難;B. take up business early早早地開(kāi)始生意;C. become the leaders of tomorrow成為明天的主人;D. sell clothes from door to door挨家挨戶的賣衣服;根據(jù)語(yǔ)境及選項(xiàng)判斷可知，選項(xiàng)B，C和D與文章論述不符，故正確答案是A。

　　3. C，語(yǔ)義推理題。

　　問(wèn)題：文章中劃線單詞“mature”的意思是_____。根據(jù)黑體位置定位答案需重點(diǎn)理解第二段，根據(jù)文章對(duì)Dennis 的敘述，上文“父親在他20歲時(shí)去世，父親的去世迫使他_____迅速�！甭�(lián)系上下文及選項(xiàng)A. wake up起床;B. give up放棄;C. grow up成長(zhǎng);D. bring up提出;養(yǎng)育;可知，正確答案是C。

　　4. B，主旨理解題。

　　問(wèn)題：文章中作者試圖做什么?首先分析選項(xiàng)：A. Describe where a butterfly comes from.描述蝴蝶來(lái)自哪;B. Encourage young people to face challenges.鼓勵(lì)年輕人面對(duì)挑戰(zhàn);C. Suggest how to become a successful businessman.建議如何成為成功的商人;D. Explain what will happen if a person fails the exam.解釋如果一個(gè)人考試失敗將會(huì)發(fā)生什么。文章的主旨英語(yǔ)主旨句密切相關(guān)，分析文章結(jié)構(gòu)可知，文章的中心句在最后一句“it is important that the young people learn to meet challenges and overcome them.”可知，中心句與選項(xiàng)B相一致，故正確答案是B

　　5. D，主旨理解題。

　　問(wèn)題：文章最好的題目是什么?選項(xiàng)分析：A. Successful People Have a Sense of Achievement 成功的人有成就感;B. Young People Must Develop Their Energy Actively年輕人必須積極開(kāi)發(fā)他們的能量;C. Countries Should Continue to Become Successful國(guó)家應(yīng)該繼續(xù)變得成功;D. Challenges of Life Bring Out the Best in Young People年輕人人生中的挑戰(zhàn)成就最美人生;根據(jù)文章結(jié)構(gòu)及中心理解，結(jié)合選項(xiàng)對(duì)比可知，正確答案為D。

　　【考點(diǎn)】文化教育類小品文;議論文閱讀理解;

　　【點(diǎn)撥】文化教育類閱讀理解要求學(xué)生能夠準(zhǔn)確把握文章論述的觀點(diǎn)，作者的態(tài)度，作者通過(guò)哪些方式或手段對(duì)觀點(diǎn)進(jìn)行了論述。這是此類文章解題的重要思路。

　　文章的主題句通常在文章的開(kāi)頭或結(jié)尾，有時(shí)也會(huì)根據(jù)文章結(jié)構(gòu)的需要做適當(dāng)?shù)恼{(diào)整。閱讀理解時(shí)，首先應(yīng)主動(dòng)去發(fā)現(xiàn)文章的主題句，這對(duì)理解文章至關(guān)重要。