現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)
現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示目前已完成的動作或剛剛完成的動作, 也可表示從過去某一刻發(fā)生, 現(xiàn)仍延續(xù)著的動作或情況。此時(shí)態(tài)強(qiáng)調(diào)動作對現(xiàn)在的影響。
The conference has lasted for five days. (已完成的動作)
He’s just bought an unusual taxi. (剛剛完成的動作)
[提示]
1. 當(dāng)句子中出現(xiàn)表示到現(xiàn)在為止這段時(shí)間的狀語時(shí), 謂語動詞一般用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。
此類狀語有up to (till) now, so far, these days, this summer, for…(后接一段時(shí)間的短語), since…等。
We haven’t seen each other again since we graduated in 1987.
2. 在無上下文情況下,句子中的謂語動詞是用一般過去時(shí)還是用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)主要取決于動作是否對現(xiàn)在有影響。
What did she say about it?
I have lived in Nanjing for 15 years. (對現(xiàn)在有影響)