2017考研英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)法小講：強(qiáng)調(diào)句構(gòu)成及處理

　　●強(qiáng)調(diào)句的構(gòu)成：

　　It is +被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分+that( who ) +句子其他成分

　　【解析】現(xiàn)在時(shí)間為is;過(guò)去時(shí)間為was;被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分為動(dòng)詞外的任何成分;強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)象為人則用who或者that;強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)象為物則只能用that;句子的其他成分為正常語(yǔ)序。

　　●強(qiáng)調(diào)句的處理方法：

　　去掉強(qiáng)調(diào)格式后，將被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分還原到句子中。

　　例1：It was she , a Baltimore printer , who published the first offcial copies of the Declaration , the first included the names of its signers and therefore heralded the support of all thirteen colonies .

　　【解析】

　　去掉強(qiáng)調(diào)格式后，還原句子為：She , a Baltimore printer , published the first official copies of the Declaration , the first copies that included the names of its signers and therefore heralded the support of all thirteen colonies 被強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)象為主與。

　　【譯文】

　　她，巴爾的摩的印刷商，出版了第一本官方的《獨(dú)立宣言》在這個(gè)版本里包含有每個(gè)簽署者的名字，這樣一來(lái)就表明了全部十三個(gè)殖民地的支持。

　　例2：Thus , in the American economic system it is the demand of individual consumers , coupled with the desire of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes , that together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it .

　　【解析】

　　去掉強(qiáng)調(diào)格式以后，句子還原為：Thus , in the American economic system ，the system , the demand of individual consumers , coupled with the desirs of businessmen to maximize profits and the desire of individuals to maximize their incomes , together determine what shall be produced and how resources are used to produce it .被強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)象為主語(yǔ)。

　　【譯文】于是，在美國(guó)的經(jīng)濟(jì)系統(tǒng)中，個(gè)人消費(fèi)者的需求，商人利潤(rùn)最大化的欲望及個(gè)人收入最大化的渴求，共同決定了應(yīng)該生產(chǎn)什么產(chǎn)品，以及如何利用資源來(lái)成產(chǎn)這些產(chǎn)品。

　　例3：It was just a decade before this that many drug companies had found their vitamin sales skyrocketing and were quick to supply practicing physicians with generous samples of vitamins and literature extolling the virtue of supplementation for a variety of health-related conditions.