2017考研英語拓展閱讀：美國欲稱霸世界海洋秩序

　　China on Tuesday urged the United States to show respect for other countries’ sovereignty and security.

　　本周二，中國敦促美國應(yīng)該尊重別國主權(quán)和國家安全。

　　Foreign Ministry spokesperson Hua Chunying made the statement at a regular press briefing when asked to comment on an annual freedom of navigation report released by the US Department of Defense (DoD) on April 25.

　　在外交部例行新聞發(fā)布會(huì)上，當(dāng)被問及對(duì)4月25日由美國國防部發(fā)表的年度航行自由報(bào)告作何評(píng)價(jià)時(shí)，外交部發(fā)言人華春瑩作了這份聲明。

　　According to the DoD Freedom of Navigation Report for the Fiscal Year 2015, the US military conducted "freedom of navigation" operations against 13 countries and regions last year, including China, India and Indonesia.

　　根據(jù)美國國防部2015財(cái)年的航行自由報(bào)道，去年美國軍方在包括中國、印度和印度尼西亞在內(nèi)的13個(gè)國家和地區(qū)進(jìn)行了“自由航行”。

　　The DoD said on its website that these operations aimed to preserve the rights, freedoms, and lawful use of the sea and airspace guaranteed to all nations under international law.

　　美國國防部在其網(wǎng)站上說，美國的這些行動(dòng)目的在于維護(hù)由國際法賦予所有國家的權(quán)利和自由，以及對(duì)海域和空域的合法使用。

　　US freedom of navigation operations last year challenged China’s claims of jurisdiction over airspace above the Exclusive Economic Zone(EEZ) and restrictions on foreign aircraft flying through an Air Defense Identification Zone (ADIZ) over the East China Sea, according to the report.

　　這份報(bào)告指出，美國去年的自由航行行動(dòng)挑戰(zhàn)了中國對(duì)東海專屬經(jīng)濟(jì)區(qū)領(lǐng)空的管轄權(quán)，還打破了東海防空識(shí)別區(qū)對(duì)于外國飛機(jī)飛行的限制。

　　"We have taken note of the US report," said Hua, adding that the aim of the DoD freedom of navigation program was, in essence, to advance the US unilateral proposition by force and coercion, by brandishing its naval and air power.

　　華春瑩說：“我們注意到了美國的報(bào)告�！彼�還補(bǔ)充說道，從本質(zhì)上講，美國國防部自由航行行動(dòng)的目的是憑借其海軍和空軍力量，通過武力和脅迫單方面地推進(jìn)美國的主張。

　　In 1979, the United States established the Freedom of Navigation program before the signing of the UN Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS), said Hua, adding that its aim was to safeguard the US military’s maximum freedom and maneuverability to enter the oceans of the world and challenge the new maritime order as a non-signatory of the 1982 UNCLOS.

　　華春瑩說到，1979年，美國趕在聯(lián)合國海洋法公約簽約前，在國內(nèi)通過了自由航行法案，而沒有在1982年的聯(lián)合國海洋法公約上簽字。其目的是最大限度地維護(hù)美軍的自由和機(jī)動(dòng)性，從而美國能夠進(jìn)入世界公海、破壞新海洋秩序。

　　Hua said these moves by the United States are an attempt to dominate maritime order and reflect its logic of hegemony and exceptionalism in its treatment of international law, which it uses when convenient and abandons on unfavorable conditions.

　　華春瑩說，這些舉措反應(yīng)了美國企圖稱霸世界海洋秩序的野心，同時(shí)說明美國在對(duì)待國際法的態(tài)度上表現(xiàn)出霸權(quán)論和例外論并存的特點(diǎn)。在對(duì)自己有利時(shí)，美國就會(huì)使用國際法來維護(hù)自己的利益，而對(duì)自己不利時(shí)，美國就會(huì)放棄國際法的使用。

　　She called on the United States to do more that is truly conducive to safeguarding global maritime order as well as regional peace and stability.

　　華春瑩呼吁美國做更多真正有益于維護(hù)全球海洋秩序和地區(qū)穩(wěn)定與和平的事。

　　Media reports said six US Air Force planes performed a flight mission in "international airspace" in the vicinity of Huangyan Island in the South China Sea on April 19.

　　有媒體報(bào)道，4月19日，美國空軍6架飛機(jī)在中國南海黃巖島附近執(zhí)行一項(xiàng)“國際空域”飛行任務(wù)。

　　China’s Ministry of National Defense on Monday said in a statement that the United States is pushing militarization of the South China Sea in the name of freedom of navigation and overflight.

　　中國國防部在周一的一份聲明中指出，美國正在以航海和航空自由的名義推進(jìn)中國南海的軍事化。

　　China is concerned about and opposed to actions that threaten the sovereignty and security of countries around the South China Sea and undermine regional peace and stability, according to the statement.

　　據(jù)該份報(bào)告指出，中國嚴(yán)切關(guān)注并且堅(jiān)決反對(duì)任何威脅中國南海周邊國家主權(quán)和國家安全的行為，同時(shí)嚴(yán)厲譴責(zé)任何有可能危害地區(qū)和平與穩(wěn)定的行為。