2017考研英語拓展閱讀：中國農(nóng)村青少年肥胖人數(shù)激增

　　Obesity has rapidly increased in young rural Chinese, a study has warned, because of socioeconomic changes.

　　一項(xiàng)研究警告，由于中國社會經(jīng)濟(jì)的轉(zhuǎn)變，農(nóng)村的肥胖兒童數(shù)量呈激增趨勢。

　　Researchers found 17% of boys and 9% of girls under the age of 19 were obese in 2014, up from 1% for each in 1985.

　　這項(xiàng)研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，2014年低于19歲的人口中，男孩肥胖比例為17%，女孩的比例為9%，而1985年兩種性別的肥胖人口比例僅為1%。

　　The 29-year study, published in the European Journal of Preventive Cardiology, involved nearly 28,000 students in Shandong province.

　　這項(xiàng)發(fā)表在歐洲預(yù)防心臟病學(xué)雜志上的、為期29年的研究，對山東省的2.8萬名學(xué)生進(jìn)行了調(diào)查。

　　The study used a stricter cut-off of the Body Mass Index (BMI) than the World Health Organization standard.

　　這項(xiàng)研究利用身體質(zhì)量指數(shù)(BMI)來評定肥胖，但其使用的界限比世界衛(wèi)生組織所規(guī)定的標(biāo)準(zhǔn)更為苛刻。

　　"It is the worst explosion of childhood and adolescent obesity that I have ever seen," Joep Perk from the European Society of Cardiology told AFP news agency.

　　歐洲心臟病學(xué)會的Joep Perk在接受法新社采訪時(shí)說，“這是我所見過的兒童和青少年時(shí)期肥胖人口最為急劇的增長�！�

　　The study said China’s rapid socioeconomic and nutritional transition had led to an increase in energy intake and a decrease in physical activity.

　　這項(xiàng)研究稱，中國飛速的社會經(jīng)濟(jì)發(fā)展和營養(yǎng)結(jié)構(gòu)變革，導(dǎo)致人們能量攝入更多，運(yùn)動量卻有所減少。

　　The traditional Chinese diet had shifted towards a diet "with high fat, high energy density and low dietary fibre".

　　傳統(tǒng)的中國飲食已經(jīng)向著“高脂肪、高熱量、低纖維”的結(jié)構(gòu)轉(zhuǎn)變。

　　Preference for sons’

　　重男輕女

　　The data was taken from six government surveys of rural school children in Shandong aged between seven and 18.

　　這些數(shù)據(jù)來自山東省六個(gè)地市政府對農(nóng)村學(xué)校7-18歲兒童的調(diào)查。

　　The percentage of overweight children has also grown from 0.7% to 16.4% for boys and from 1.5% to nearly 14% for girls, the study said.

　　研究發(fā)現(xiàn)，超重男孩的百分比也從0.7%增長到了16.4%，女孩則從1.5%增長到近14%。

　　On the reason for the higher prevalence of overweight and obesity in boys, the study says: "The traditional, societal preference for sons, particularly in rural areas, may mean that boys are likely to enjoy more of the family’s resources."

　　超重和肥胖的男孩比率更高，究其原因，研究稱，“中國傳統(tǒng)觀念重男輕女，特別是農(nóng)村地區(qū)，這意味著男孩能更多的享用家里的資源�！�

　　The WHO classifies a BMI - the ratio of weight-to-height squared - of 25-29.9 as overweight and from 30 upwards obese.

　　世衛(wèi)組織界定BMI(體重與身高的平方的比值))處于25-29.9之間為超重，超過30為肥胖。

　　This study used a lower cut-off of 24-27.9 for overweight and 28 and above for obese.

　　而這項(xiàng)研究的作者使用了更加嚴(yán)格的限定，24-27.9為超重，高于28為肥胖。

　　The researchers recommend that "comprehensive strategies of intervention should include periodic monitoring, education on the pattern of nutrition, physical exercises and healthy dietary behaviour".

　　研究人員推薦了干預(yù)農(nóng)村地區(qū)兒童肥胖問題的全面對策，包括定期監(jiān)測體重、普及營養(yǎng)攝入方式、加強(qiáng)體育鍛煉和培養(yǎng)健康飲食的觀念。