我們都知道在考研英語(yǔ)的試卷中，一共有5種題型。其中有一個(gè)大家又愛(ài)又恨的題型，就是閱讀題。

無(wú)論如何，不可否認(rèn)的是無(wú)論要考多少分成功，閱讀題都是同學(xué)們最想拿下的一道題目。既然如此，我們今天就來(lái)簡(jiǎn)單地討論一下在閱讀六大題型中的同學(xué)們比較頭疼的一類(lèi)題——推斷題。

(英二2015年text 2)

(Para. 5)Many first-generation students “struggle to navigate the middle-class culture of higher education, learn the ‘rules of the game,’ and take advantage of college resources,” they write. And this becomes more of a problem when colleges don’t talk about the class advantages and disadvantages of different groups of students. “Because US colleges and universities seldom acknowledge how social class can affect students’ educational experiences, many first-generation students lack insight about why they are struggling and do not understand how students ‘like them’ can improve.”

30. We may infer from the last paragraph that _______.

[A] universities often reject the culture of the middle-class

[B] students are usually to blame for their lack of resources

[C] social class greatly helps enrich educational experiences

[D] colleges are partly responsible for the problem in question

對(duì)于任何題目來(lái)說(shuō)，我們首先要做的就是去識(shí)別它的題型，而推斷題慣常用的提問(wèn)方法有三種，此處是傳統(tǒng)提問(wèn)法，直接問(wèn)“從某段能推斷出什么”，這種提問(wèn)方法最容易識(shí)別。

我們?cè)趯W(xué)習(xí)過(guò)基礎(chǔ)方法后會(huì)知道我們不應(yīng)該整段去讀，而是要找解題句，也就是段落論點(diǎn)句，而段落論點(diǎn)常出現(xiàn)地位置是段中轉(zhuǎn)折，段首和段末。我們可以?xún)?yōu)先去找這些地方。我們發(fā)現(xiàn)本段無(wú)轉(zhuǎn)折，所以可看首末句。但是末句很明顯是引用他人的話(huà)，所以很可能是人物觀點(diǎn)論據(jù)，此時(shí)段首句更具備論點(diǎn)句的特征，我們便可以?xún)?yōu)先看段首句。

Many first-generation students “struggle to navigate the middle-class culture of higher education, learn the ‘rules of the game,’ and take advantage of college resources,” they write.

30. We may infer from the last paragraph that _______.

[A] universities often reject the culture of the middle-class

[B] students are usually to blame for their lack of resources

[C] social class greatly helps enrich educational experiences

[D] colleges are partly responsible for the problem in question

用段首句去匹配選項(xiàng)，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)AB中有對(duì)應(yīng)內(nèi)容，此時(shí)會(huì)優(yōu)先懷疑AB為正確答案，再回原文去驗(yàn)證，看AB是否全部和原文內(nèi)容相符。通過(guò)對(duì)比發(fā)現(xiàn)，AB均不符合原文，所以此時(shí)定位部分所對(duì)應(yīng)的選項(xiàng)都不是正確答案。這樣類(lèi)型的題就比較難，需要我們?cè)贁U(kuò)大定位范圍。但是擴(kuò)大范圍都是有標(biāo)志提示的，比如本題中第二句開(kāi)頭的”And this…”，指代和并列，這兩個(gè)都表示本句與上一句聯(lián)系緊密，證明上一句想表達(dá)的內(nèi)容并未表達(dá)完全，需要下一句來(lái)補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明。此時(shí)我們就可以利用兩句來(lái)結(jié)合解題。

可用第二句”And this becomes more of a problem when colleges don’t talk about the class advantages and disadvantages of different groups of students.”去對(duì)比選項(xiàng)=。我們會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)這句話(huà)與D選項(xiàng)是同義表達(dá)，所以正確答案為D。