答案：

　　41.答案 D. hold back“阻擋;阻止……的發(fā)展;隱瞞(秘密);躊躇，畏縮不前”(如His poor education is holding him back; The police had back the crowd; He was holding something back from us; No one held back in face of danger.)hold up“舉起;支撐;使停頓，使不能繼續(xù)進行;(攔路)搶劫”hold on(單獨用)“握住不放;堅持下去;(電話)請等一會兒”hold out(單獨用)“伸出;堅持(要求)，不屈服(for sth)

　　42.答案D。alternative(to) n.“取舍，抉擇;供選擇的東西，替代辦法“(如You have the alter-native of fighting or being taken prisoner; The alternative to being taken prisoner was to die fighting;<�？季湫�>One has no alternative but to/There is no alternative for one but to fight.)substitute(for)n.”代用品，代替品”replacement(of) n.“替代，替換;替代的人或物”preference(for/to) n.“偏愛，更喜愛;優(yōu)先(權)”(have a preference for sth; choose A in preference to B.)

　　43.答案C。concern vt.“涉及，有關于;使關心，使掛念”(如This matter concerns all of us; I am not concerned with that matter any longer; His illness concerns me very much; be concerned with/about/for/over sth“對……表示關心或憂慮”;注：過去分詞作定語放在名詞前面表示“關切的”，如with a concerned look;放在名詞后面表示“有關的，相關的”，如We shall have to consult the persons concerned.)connect vt.“連接，聯(lián)系”(句型：connect A and/to B; The pipe connects with the sewer.)relate v.“(使互相)關聯(lián)”(句型：relate A and/to/with B; relate to sth)interest vt.“使感興趣，引起……的關注”

　　44.答案B. interval n.“(幕間或工間的)一段休息時間;間隔，間距”(at intervals“不時，每隔……時間或距離”)at large(作后置定語)“大多數(shù)的”(如students at large);(作表語)“(犯罪分子)未被捕獲的，逍遙法外的”△at random (作狀語)“隨意的，任意地”at length“最終，終于;長時間地，長篇大論地”

　　45.答案A。pursue vt.“追求，從事;追趕，追蹤”chase vt.“追逐，追趕”attain vt.“達到，獲得”reach vt.“抵達，達到”

　　46.答案B。qualify v.“(使)具有資格，(使)勝任，(使)合適(如He qualified as a doctor; His training qualified him as a teacher of English; He’s well qualified for/to do the job.)equal vt.”等于，比得上“match v.”(和……)相配，(和……相稱“fit vt.”(衣服)適合，合身;適合，符合“(in/into)

　　47.答案C. lose no time in doing sth “立即“(如I shall lose no time in beginning work.)delay v.”推遲;耽擱，延誤“(句型：delay sb/sth/an action/-ing,不說delay time)lessen v.“減少，減輕”slip vi.“滑落;溜走”

　　48.答案A。cut off“切斷，阻斷，停掉;使電話中斷”(cut off the water supply; cut off the enemy’s retreat; be cut off from the outside world.)cut down“消減，減少”cut back“削減，縮減;急忙返回”cut out“割去，刪去”

　　49.答案B。equivalent(to) adj.“相等的，相當?shù)?等量的，等值的”;n.“相等物”(如What is $5 equivalent to in French francs? His behavior was equivalent to treason; He earns the equivalent of $50 a month.)alike adj.“同樣的，相像的”same adj.(必須與the 連用)“相同的，一樣的”approximate(to) adj.“近似的，大約的”

　　50.答案C。rational adj.“理性的，合理的”(a rational man; a rational plan; rational arguments)responsible(for) adj.“須負責的;責任重大的;有責任感的”reliable adj.“可靠的”conscious(of) adj.“意識到的，自覺的;有意的;神志清醒的”

　　51.答案D。shortage n.“不足，缺少”deline n.“下降，減少，衰落”○rarity n.“稀少，少見的人或東西”(常與不定冠詞連用)○scarcity n.[u]“缺乏，稀少”

　　52.答案B。in case of (狀語，放在句末)“以防，防備”;(狀語，放在句首)“假如，如果發(fā)生”(如Always keep a bucket of water handy in case of fire; In case of fire, ring the alarm bell.)(區(qū)分：in the case of 多用于對比，常含有“而……的情況卻不同”之意，如Poverty depresses most people, but in the case of my father it was otherwise; Mary failed to hand homework in time because she was ill; but it was different in the case of Jane-she was lazy.)for the sake of“為了，為了……的利益;看在……的份上”at the risk of“冒著……的危險”in spite of “雖然，盡管;不管，不顧”

　　53.答案D。at length“長時間地;詳細地;最終，終于”(如He spoke at length on his plans for the future; We discussed the matter at length; At length he came to understand it.)in turn“依次地，輪流地;反過來”in conclusion“最后”(用在結束語中)at first “最初，起先”

　　54.答案A。give rise to sth“引起，導致，成為……的原因”(如The depression gave rise to widespread unemployment; This plan has given rise to various problems.)reason n.“理由，原因”(句型：have reason to do /for-ing; sth stands to reason;不說give reason to sth)ground n.(常用復數(shù))“理由，根據(jù)”(句型：have no ground[s]for-ing; do sth on personal grounds/on the grounds of ill health,etc)suspicion n.“懷疑”(常用搭配：arouse suspicion; have suspicion of/about sth/that…)

　　55.答案C。turn out“(工廠)生產(chǎn)，制造(產(chǎn)品);(學校)培養(yǎng)(人才);驅逐，使離開;關掉，旋熄“turn off”關，關閉;轉到另一條路“turn down”關小，調(diào)低;拒絕“turn in“上交，交還;上床睡覺”

　　56.答案B。missing adj.“缺失的，失蹤的，不見了，少了”losing adj.“正在輸?shù)舻摹?/P>

　　57.答案C.descend vi.“下降，下來;往下走;降生”fall vi.“落下;下降;減弱”decrease v’“減少，減小”lower vt’“放下，降下，放低”

　　58.答案C.let off“放過，寬恕(使不受懲罰);允許不干;排放”(如let sb off[from]doing sth“允許某人不做某事”;The judge let him off with a warning“法官給他以警告就放過了他”。)let down“使(某人)失望;放下，降低”let alone“不打擾，不驚動;更別提……”let out“釋放，放走;發(fā)出”

　　59.答案B.blame n.[u]“過錯，事故的)責任;責怪，責備”(句型：put/lay/bring the blame on sb“怪在某人身上”;The blame rests on sb“責任在某人”;take the blame on oneself for sth/bear the blame for sth“承擔……的責任”)○guilt n.“罪，罪責”charge n.作“罪名，指控”解時不與take搭配;take charge of sth 表示“對……負責，接管”的意思○accusation n.“職責，控告”(不說take accusation for sth)

　　60.答案A。adapt vt.“改編，改寫”(如The author is adapting his play for television; This exercise is adapted from Book V.)acknowledge vt.“承認，認為……屬實”assemble vt.“裝備;集合，召集”appoint vt.“任命，委派;約定(時間或地點)”(句型：appoint sb[to be][as]chairman; appoint a day/a place for a meeting)