1、Text 1 Utopianism in politics gets a bad press.The case against the grand-scale,state-directed kind is well known and overwhelming.Utopia,the perfect society,is unattainable,for there is no such thing.Remaking sociery in pursuit ofan illusion not only fails,it leads swiftly to mass murder and moral ruin.So recent history grimly attests.Although true,that is just half the story.Not all modern Utopians aim to seize the state in order to cudgel the rest of the world back to paradise.Plenty of gentler ones want no more than to withdraw from the mainstream and create their own micro-paradise with a few like-minded idealists.Small experiments in collective living swept America,for example,early in the 19th century and again late in the 20th.Most failed or fell short.None lasted.A11 were laughed at.Yet in this intelligent,sympathetic history,Chris Jennings makes a good case for remembering them well.Politics stultifies,he thinks,when people stop dreaming up alternative ways oflife and putting them to small-scale test.Though with occasional glances forward,Mr.Jennings focuses largely on the 19th century.At least 100 experimental communes sprang up across the young American republic in the mid-1800s.Mr.Jennings writes about five exemplary communities:the devout Shakers,Robert Owen's New Harmony,the Fourierist collective at Brook Farm,Massachusetts,the Icarians at Nauvoo,Illinois,inspired by a French proto-communist,Etienne Cabet,and the Oneida Community in New York state practising"Bible communism"and"complex marriage".The Shakers'founder was a Manchester Quaker,Ann Lee,a devout mother worn out by bearing dead or dying ctuldren.In 1774 she lefi for the New World,determined to forswear sex and create a following to share her belief.An optimistic faith in human betterment,hard work and a reputation for honest Lrading helped the Shakers thrive.At their peak in the early 19th century,they had perhaps 5,000 members scattered in some 20 villages across eight states.They counselled celibacy,to spare women the dangers of child-bearing,made spare,slim furniture,now treasured in museums,and practised a wild,shaking dance that was taken as a sign ofbenign possession by the Holy Spirit."Paradise Now"is more than a record of failed hopes.Some ideas spread to the mainstream.Fourier's feminism is a good example.Fourierist communes foundered across the New World and Old;his ideas about gender equality lived on.No society could improve,Fourier believed,until women's lot improved."The best countries",he wrote,"have always been those which allowed women the most freedom."That is a common thought today.It was radical when Fourier wrote it in I 808.Women more generally are at the centre of the Utopian story.Some communes he writes about were democratic,some authoritarian.None was patriarchal.Mr.Jennings's book is rich in fond hopes and improbable ventures.Rather than nudging readers to mock,which is easy,the author reminds them instead to remember that the maddest-sounding ideas sometimes become motherhood. According to the text,most gentle ones want to create______

　　A their own commune

　　B violent world

　　C their own regime

　　D small-minded paradise

　　答案：A  

　　答案解析：事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)定位詞定位到文章的第二段，定位句為Plenty of gentler ones want no more than toWithdraw from the mainstream and create their own micro-paradise with a few like-minded idealists.(也有很多并不極端的空想主義者只想要?dú)w隱田園，與一些志同道合的理想主義者創(chuàng)建自己的小伊甸園。)歸隱田園，創(chuàng)建自己的小伊甸園即創(chuàng)建一個(gè)屬于少數(shù)群體的理想社會(huì)形式，而與這個(gè)信息相對(duì)應(yīng)的為A項(xiàng)“他們自己的公社”，故A項(xiàng)為正確選項(xiàng)�！靖蓴_排除】B項(xiàng)在段落中雖有體現(xiàn)，但與文章內(nèi)容相反，故排除;C項(xiàng)“他們自己的政權(quán)”，文中第二段第二句提到Not all modem Utopians aim to seize the state(并不是所有的現(xiàn)代空想主義者都想搶奪政權(quán)).而這正是很多并不極端的空想主義者所持的態(tài)度，故排除;D項(xiàng)貌似符合文意，但是small-minded的意思是心胸狹窄的，而不是文中說(shuō)的micro-paradise(小伊甸園)，故排除。

　　2、Text 1 Utopianism in politics gets a bad press.The case against the grand-scale,state-directed kind is well known and overwhelming.Utopia,the perfect society,is unattainable,for there is no such thing.Remaking sociery in pursuit ofan illusion not only fails,it leads swiftly to mass murder and moral ruin.So recent history grimly attests.Although true,that is just half the story.Not all modern Utopians aim to seize the state in order to cudgel the rest of the world back to paradise.Plenty of gentler ones want no more than to withdraw from the mainstream and create their own micro-paradise with a few like-minded idealists.Small experiments in collective living swept America,for example,early in the 19th century and again late in the 20th.Most failed or fell short.None lasted.A11 were laughed at.Yet in this intelligent,sympathetic history,Chris Jennings makes a good case for remembering them well.Politics stultifies,he thinks,when people stop dreaming up alternative ways oflife and putting them to small-scale test.Though with occasional glances forward,Mr.Jennings focuses largely on the 19th century.At least 100 experimental communes sprang up across the young American republic in the mid-1800s.Mr.Jennings writes about five exemplary communities:the devout Shakers,Robert Owen's New Harmony,the Fourierist collective at Brook Farm,Massachusetts,the Icarians at Nauvoo,Illinois,inspired by a French proto-communist,Etienne Cabet,and the Oneida Community in New York state practising"Bible communism"and"complex marriage".The Shakers'founder was a Manchester Quaker,Ann Lee,a devout mother worn out by bearing dead or dying ctuldren.In 1774 she lefi for the New World,determined to forswear sex and create a following to share her belief.An optimistic faith in human betterment,hard work and a reputation for honest Lrading helped the Shakers thrive.At their peak in the early 19th century,they had perhaps 5,000 members scattered in some 20 villages across eight states.They counselled celibacy,to spare women the dangers of child-bearing,made spare,slim furniture,now treasured in museums,and practised a wild,shaking dance that was taken as a sign ofbenign possession by the Holy Spirit."Paradise Now"is more than a record of failed hopes.Some ideas spread to the mainstream.Fourier's feminism is a good example.Fourierist communes foundered across the New World and Old;his ideas about gender equality lived on.No society could improve,Fourier believed,until women's lot improved."The best countries",he wrote,"have always been those which allowed women the most freedom."That is a common thought today.It was radical when Fourier wrote it in I 808.Women more generally are at the centre of the Utopian story.Some communes he writes about were democratic,some authoritarian.None was patriarchal.Mr.Jennings's book is rich in fond hopes and improbable ventures.Rather than nudging readers to mock,which is easy,the author reminds them instead to remember that the maddest-sounding ideas sometimes become motherhood. According to Chris Jennings,the society will be stagnation untess

　　A people stop realizing the national dreams

　　B people chase their own way oflife

　　C people's own way oflife would not be laughed at

　　D people can have a good memory of the intelligent history of ancestors

　　答案：B  

　　答案解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)定位詞定位到第三段最后一句，即Politics stultifies，he thinks，When people stop dreaming up altemative ways oflife and putting them to small-scale test.(他認(rèn)為，當(dāng)人們不再夢(mèng)想其他生活方式并且不再為此付諸實(shí)踐時(shí)，政治便毫無(wú)價(jià)值可言。)由此可見(jiàn)追求自己的生活方式便是他的觀點(diǎn)，而與該信息相對(duì)應(yīng)的選項(xiàng)為B項(xiàng)“人們追求自己的生活方式”，故B項(xiàng)為正確選項(xiàng)�！靖蓴_排除】A項(xiàng)在文中未提及，故排除;C項(xiàng)雖然在文章中有體現(xiàn)，但文中說(shuō)的是烏托邦這一實(shí)踐受人嘲笑，而非C項(xiàng)的人們自己的生活方式，故排除;D項(xiàng)“人們會(huì)銘記祖先充滿智慧的歷史”，在段落中雖有體現(xiàn)，但文中并未明確說(shuō)明銘記歷史能否推動(dòng)社會(huì)進(jìn)步，故排除。

　　3、Text 1 Utopianism in politics gets a bad press.The case against the grand-scale,state-directed kind is well known and overwhelming.Utopia,the perfect society,is unattainable,for there is no such thing.Remaking sociery in pursuit ofan illusion not only fails,it leads swiftly to mass murder and moral ruin.So recent history grimly attests.Although true,that is just half the story.Not all modern Utopians aim to seize the state in order to cudgel the rest of the world back to paradise.Plenty of gentler ones want no more than to withdraw from the mainstream and create their own micro-paradise with a few like-minded idealists.Small experiments in collective living swept America,for example,early in the 19th century and again late in the 20th.Most failed or fell short.None lasted.A11 were laughed at.Yet in this intelligent,sympathetic history,Chris Jennings makes a good case for remembering them well.Politics stultifies,he thinks,when people stop dreaming up alternative ways oflife and putting them to small-scale test.Though with occasional glances forward,Mr.Jennings focuses largely on the 19th century.At least 100 experimental communes sprang up across the young American republic in the mid-1800s.Mr.Jennings writes about five exemplary communities:the devout Shakers,Robert Owen's New Harmony,the Fourierist collective at Brook Farm,Massachusetts,the Icarians at Nauvoo,Illinois,inspired by a French proto-communist,Etienne Cabet,and the Oneida Community in New York state practising"Bible communism"and"complex marriage".The Shakers'founder was a Manchester Quaker,Ann Lee,a devout mother worn out by bearing dead or dying ctuldren.In 1774 she lefi for the New World,determined to forswear sex and create a following to share her belief.An optimistic faith in human betterment,hard work and a reputation for honest Lrading helped the Shakers thrive.At their peak in the early 19th century,they had perhaps 5,000 members scattered in some 20 villages across eight states.They counselled celibacy,to spare women the dangers of child-bearing,made spare,slim furniture,now treasured in museums,and practised a wild,shaking dance that was taken as a sign ofbenign possession by the Holy Spirit."Paradise Now"is more than a record of failed hopes.Some ideas spread to the mainstream.Fourier's feminism is a good example.Fourierist communes foundered across the New World and Old;his ideas about gender equality lived on.No society could improve,Fourier believed,until women's lot improved."The best countries",he wrote,"have always been those which allowed women the most freedom."That is a common thought today.It was radical when Fourier wrote it in I 808.Women more generally are at the centre of the Utopian story.Some communes he writes about were democratic,some authoritarian.None was patriarchal.Mr.Jennings's book is rich in fond hopes and improbable ventures.Rather than nudging readers to mock,which is easy,the author reminds them instead to remember that the maddest-sounding ideas sometimes become motherhood. It can be leamed from Paragraph 4 that Robert Owen______

　　A is devout

　　B is fond ofNew-Harmony

　　C is positively practicing group marriage

　　D is a French proto-communist

　　答案：B  

　　答案解析：事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)定位詞定位到文章的第四段，這個(gè)段落最大的特點(diǎn)為人名和流派比較多，考生在分析的時(shí)候很容易混淆，錯(cuò)誤選項(xiàng)很有可能是張冠李戴，這樣題設(shè)在歷年真題中多處有所體現(xiàn)，關(guān)鍵詞所對(duì)應(yīng)的句子為Robert Owen's New Harmony(Robert Owen的新和諧公社)，而剛好B項(xiàng)有所體現(xiàn)，故B項(xiàng)為正確選項(xiàng)�！靖蓴_排除】A項(xiàng)對(duì)應(yīng)的是the Shakers(震顫派教徒)，故排除;C項(xiàng)對(duì)應(yīng)的是the Oneida Community in Ncw York statc(紐約州奧奈達(dá)公社).敞排除;D項(xiàng)對(duì)應(yīng)的是Etienne Cabet，故排除。

　　4、Text 1 Utopianism in politics gets a bad press.The case against the grand-scale,state-directed kind is well known and overwhelming.Utopia,the perfect society,is unattainable,for there is no such thing.Remaking sociery in pursuit ofan illusion not only fails,it leads swiftly to mass murder and moral ruin.So recent history grimly attests.Although true,that is just half the story.Not all modern Utopians aim to seize the state in order to cudgel the rest of the world back to paradise.Plenty of gentler ones want no more than to withdraw from the mainstream and create their own micro-paradise with a few like-minded idealists.Small experiments in collective living swept America,for example,early in the 19th century and again late in the 20th.Most failed or fell short.None lasted.A11 were laughed at.Yet in this intelligent,sympathetic history,Chris Jennings makes a good case for remembering them well.Politics stultifies,he thinks,when people stop dreaming up alternative ways oflife and putting them to small-scale test.Though with occasional glances forward,Mr.Jennings focuses largely on the 19th century.At least 100 experimental communes sprang up across the young American republic in the mid-1800s.Mr.Jennings writes about five exemplary communities:the devout Shakers,Robert Owen's New Harmony,the Fourierist collective at Brook Farm,Massachusetts,the Icarians at Nauvoo,Illinois,inspired by a French proto-communist,Etienne Cabet,and the Oneida Community in New York state practising"Bible communism"and"complex marriage".The Shakers'founder was a Manchester Quaker,Ann Lee,a devout mother worn out by bearing dead or dying ctuldren.In 1774 she lefi for the New World,determined to forswear sex and create a following to share her belief.An optimistic faith in human betterment,hard work and a reputation for honest Lrading helped the Shakers thrive.At their peak in the early 19th century,they had perhaps 5,000 members scattered in some 20 villages across eight states.They counselled celibacy,to spare women the dangers of child-bearing,made spare,slim furniture,now treasured in museums,and practised a wild,shaking dance that was taken as a sign ofbenign possession by the Holy Spirit."Paradise Now"is more than a record of failed hopes.Some ideas spread to the mainstream.Fourier's feminism is a good example.Fourierist communes foundered across the New World and Old;his ideas about gender equality lived on.No society could improve,Fourier believed,until women's lot improved."The best countries",he wrote,"have always been those which allowed women the most freedom."That is a common thought today.It was radical when Fourier wrote it in I 808.Women more generally are at the centre of the Utopian story.Some communes he writes about were democratic,some authoritarian.None was patriarchal.Mr.Jennings's book is rich in fond hopes and improbable ventures.Rather than nudging readers to mock,which is easy,the author reminds them instead to remember that the maddest-sounding ideas sometimes become motherhood. According to Paragraph l,Utopia cannot get the popularity in politics,because______

　　A it will be against state's policy

　　B it ofien pursues unreal things

　　C it would gradually lead to murder and moral ruin

　　D its viewpoint has been proved by the recent history

　　答案：B  

　　答案解析：事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)定位詞定位到文章的第一段，其中該段第三句出現(xiàn)了關(guān)鍵詞的信息，即Utopia，the perfect society,is unattainable，for there is no such thing.(烏托邦是人類(lèi)永遠(yuǎn)無(wú)法企及的完美社會(huì)，因?yàn)槭澜缟细�本就沒(méi)有這樣的社會(huì)。)與此相對(duì)應(yīng)的選項(xiàng)為B項(xiàng)“它總是追求不切實(shí)際的事情”，其中的unreal things相當(dāng)于文章中的there is no such thing，下一句的Remaking society in pursuit of an illusion(重建一個(gè)追求虛無(wú)縹緲的社會(huì))也可以體現(xiàn)這個(gè)觀點(diǎn)，故B項(xiàng)為正確選項(xiàng)。【干擾排除】A項(xiàng)“它違反國(guó)家政策”這個(gè)慨念在文章中沒(méi)有體現(xiàn)，故排除;c項(xiàng)“會(huì)逐漸導(dǎo)致謀殺和道德淪喪”偷換概念，文中為it leads swifily to mass murder and moral ruin，故排除;D項(xiàng)“近代史已證明了它的觀點(diǎn)”，這個(gè)概念在最后一句有體現(xiàn)，但是被歷史證明的不是烏托邦的觀點(diǎn)，而是文中所提到的Remaking society in pursuit of an illusion(重建一個(gè)追求虛無(wú)縹緲的社會(huì))，故排除。

　　5、Text 1 Utopianism in politics gets a bad press.The case against the grand-scale,state-directed kind is well known and overwhelming.Utopia,the perfect society,is unattainable,for there is no such thing.Remaking sociery in pursuit ofan illusion not only fails,it leads swiftly to mass murder and moral ruin.So recent history grimly attests.Although true,that is just half the story.Not all modern Utopians aim to seize the state in order to cudgel the rest of the world back to paradise.Plenty of gentler ones want no more than to withdraw from the mainstream and create their own micro-paradise with a few like-minded idealists.Small experiments in collective living swept America,for example,early in the 19th century and again late in the 20th.Most failed or fell short.None lasted.A11 were laughed at.Yet in this intelligent,sympathetic history,Chris Jennings makes a good case for remembering them well.Politics stultifies,he thinks,when people stop dreaming up alternative ways oflife and putting them to small-scale test.Though with occasional glances forward,Mr.Jennings focuses largely on the 19th century.At least 100 experimental communes sprang up across the young American republic in the mid-1800s.Mr.Jennings writes about five exemplary communities:the devout Shakers,Robert Owen's New Harmony,the Fourierist collective at Brook Farm,Massachusetts,the Icarians at Nauvoo,Illinois,inspired by a French proto-communist,Etienne Cabet,and the Oneida Community in New York state practising"Bible communism"and"complex marriage".The Shakers'founder was a Manchester Quaker,Ann Lee,a devout mother worn out by bearing dead or dying ctuldren.In 1774 she lefi for the New World,determined to forswear sex and create a following to share her belief.An optimistic faith in human betterment,hard work and a reputation for honest Lrading helped the Shakers thrive.At their peak in the early 19th century,they had perhaps 5,000 members scattered in some 20 villages across eight states.They counselled celibacy,to spare women the dangers of child-bearing,made spare,slim furniture,now treasured in museums,and practised a wild,shaking dance that was taken as a sign ofbenign possession by the Holy Spirit."Paradise Now"is more than a record of failed hopes.Some ideas spread to the mainstream.Fourier's feminism is a good example.Fourierist communes foundered across the New World and Old;his ideas about gender equality lived on.No society could improve,Fourier believed,until women's lot improved."The best countries",he wrote,"have always been those which allowed women the most freedom."That is a common thought today.It was radical when Fourier wrote it in I 808.Women more generally are at the centre of the Utopian story.Some communes he writes about were democratic,some authoritarian.None was patriarchal.Mr.Jennings's book is rich in fond hopes and improbable ventures.Rather than nudging readers to mock,which is easy,the author reminds them instead to remember that the maddest-sounding ideas sometimes become motherhood. According to"Paradise Now",~would spread to the mainstream____

　　A freedom

　　B gender equality

　　C feminism

　　D man has a final say

　　答案：C  

　　答案解析：事實(shí)細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)定位詞定位到文章的最后兩段，這兩個(gè)段落反復(fù)強(qiáng)調(diào)女性更多地被置于烏托邦故事的中心，而與這個(gè)信息相對(duì)應(yīng)的選項(xiàng)剛好是C項(xiàng)“女權(quán)主義”，故C項(xiàng)為正確選項(xiàng)�！靖蓴_排除】A、B、D項(xiàng)分別譯為：自由、性別平等、男性擁有最終話語(yǔ)權(quán)。這些都與《天堂此時(shí)》所闡述的內(nèi)容不相符，故均排除。

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