[誤]My mother bought two fishes for supper this morning.

　　[正]My mother bought two fish for supper this morning.

　　[析]英語(yǔ)中有些名詞單復(fù)同形，如：fish, deer, sheep, Chinese (中國(guó)人), means (方法)。所以應(yīng)講one fish, two fish, one Chinese, two Chinese. 如果講There are five fishes in the pool.應(yīng)譯為池中有五種魚而不是五條魚。

　　[誤]Mary expressed her thank to her boy friend.

　　[正]Mary expressed her thanks to her boy friend.

　　[析]英語(yǔ)中有些名詞只有復(fù)數(shù)形式，如： thanks, greens， 而有些詞單數(shù)形式與復(fù)數(shù)形式有不同的詞意。如:clothes 為衣服，而cloth則是布， sand沙子，而sands是沙灘。

　　[誤]I offered my son my congratulation on his success.

　　[正]I offered my son my congratulations on his success.

　　[析]英語(yǔ)中表示祝賀的詞雖有單數(shù)形式，但一般要用其復(fù)數(shù)形式。如握手為shake hands.

　　[誤]We have five German in this meeting.

　　[正]We have five Germans in this meeting.

　　[析]英國(guó)人Englishman的復(fù)數(shù)形式為Englishmen，而German 則要加s，因?yàn)樗�不是由�?guó)名與man的組合詞。

　　[誤]There are two As in this word.

　　[正]There are two A's in this word.

　　[析]在大寫字母縮寫形式的復(fù)數(shù)表達(dá)法中應(yīng)加s，但如字母是A、I時(shí)，為了防止與As和Is相混，則要用's即A's，I's

　　[誤]There are three 6s and two 3s in my telephone number.

　　[正]There are three 6's and two 3's in my telephone number.

　　[析]在小寫字母與數(shù)字的復(fù)數(shù)形式表達(dá)法中要用's

　　[誤]We have many woman teachers in our school.

　　[正]We have many women teachers in our school.

　　[析]一般組合名詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)形式時(shí)只將詞中心詞變?yōu)閺?fù)數(shù)如：

　　half brother—half brothers(同父異母或同母異父的兄弟)daughter in law—daughtersin law,(兒媳)但要注意的是：man driver—men drivers(男司機(jī)) woman doctor—women doctors(女大夫)grown up—grown ups(成年人) 但是boy student—?jiǎng)t變?yōu)閎oy students

　　[誤]Physics are very difficult to learn.

　　[正]Physics is very difficult to learn.

　　[析]雖以s結(jié)尾但只能用作單數(shù)名詞有：科學(xué)，學(xué)科名字：Physics. Mathematics politics游戲名稱：bowls 專有名稱：Niagara Falls(尼亞加拉瀑布) 其他名詞：news(消息，新聞)

　　[誤]There is a people in the room.

　　[正]There is a person in the room.

　　[正]There is a man in the room.

　　[析]people是復(fù)數(shù)名詞，不可用作單數(shù)，如要用來(lái)講一個(gè)人時(shí)應(yīng)用a person, a man, a woman。同樣的詞有police.要講一個(gè)警察時(shí)則要用a policeman, a policewoman。

　　[誤]Where is my shoe?

　　[正]Where are my shoes?

　　[析]常常只用作復(fù)數(shù)形式的詞有trousers, pants, shorts(短褲)，socks(襪子),shoes, gloves(手套)。但如果只找其中的一個(gè)則要指明，這時(shí)還是應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式。如：Where's my left glove?(我左手的手套在哪?)

　　[誤]I paid five pennies for the sweet.

　　[正]I paid five pence for the sweet.

　　[析]英語(yǔ)中便士有兩個(gè)復(fù)數(shù)形式pence用來(lái)表達(dá)一定數(shù)量的錢。而pennies是指一個(gè)個(gè)的硬幣，如：I want to change this note for pennies.我想把這紙幣換成硬幣。(即一便士一個(gè)的硬幣)。

　　[誤]There are many fruit in the shop.

　　[正]There are many fruits in the shop.

　　[析]物質(zhì)名詞為不可數(shù)名詞，但是用來(lái)表示種類時(shí)則可以用作可數(shù)名詞，這里應(yīng)譯為各種各樣的水果。

　　[誤]There is a new car. It is Jone's and Mary's.

　　[正]There is a new car. It is Jone and Mary's.

　　[析]有生命名詞的所有格，如果是單數(shù)名詞則加's如：Mary's car.如果是以s結(jié)尾的復(fù)數(shù)名詞則只在s后面加’如：teachers' offices.如果是復(fù)數(shù)名詞但不是以s結(jié)尾，則只加’s，如：children's palace 組合名詞的所有格是在最后一個(gè)詞尾加's如：girl friend —girl friend's someone else—someone else's a week or three—a week or three's如名詞后有同位語(yǔ)時(shí)，則應(yīng)加在同位語(yǔ)的詞尾上，如：It is my girl friend, Mary's car.要注意的是當(dāng)兩個(gè)名詞并列時(shí)，如表示歸兩人共同所有，則在最后一個(gè)名詞后面加's，如果表示分別所有則在兩個(gè)名詞后分別加's，如：This is Mary and Jone's home.即Mary與Jone是一家人。這是他們共同的家。而These are Mary's and Jone's homes.則應(yīng)譯為這里是Mary的家與Jone 的家。

　　[誤]It is really beautiful. It is a work of nature.

　　[正]It is really beautiful. It is a Nature's work.

　　[析]無(wú)生命名詞的所有格應(yīng)用of結(jié)構(gòu)。但是's形式的所有格可用于以下無(wú)生命的名詞：表示時(shí)間的詞：today's newspaper, a twenty minutes' walk, an hour's, rest 表示長(zhǎng)度的詞：three metres' distance, a boat's length， twenty miles' journey 表示重量的名詞：two pounds' weight價(jià)格名詞：two dollars'worth擬人化的名詞：Nature's work, nature's lesson(大自然的教訓(xùn))及國(guó)家、機(jī)關(guān)、團(tuán)體、城市等機(jī)構(gòu)性名詞：the university's library

　　[誤]He is an old friend of my father.

　　[正]He is an old friend of my father's.

　　[析]這是英語(yǔ)中的一種習(xí)慣用法而不要根據(jù)語(yǔ)法去推理。如：This pen is Tom's.

　　[誤]My father is a good cooker.

　　[正]My father is a good cook.

　　[析]一般動(dòng)詞加上er后則轉(zhuǎn)意為執(zhí)行該動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，如:teach(教)—teacher(老師),think(想)—thinker(思想 家),drive(開車)—driver(司機(jī)),sell(賣)—seller(賣物者)……但不能總是以此類推，比如cook是動(dòng)詞“做飯”。而 cook也可作為名詞“廚師”講，而cooker則為廚具，餐具，即鍋、碗、勺等做飯用具。

　　[誤]The young is dancing there.

　　[正]The young are dancing there.

　　[析]英文中用定冠詞加上形容詞表示一類人時(shí)應(yīng)按復(fù)數(shù)名詞，如：the rich 富人，the poor(窮人),the wise 聰明人，但如果用定冠詞加形容詞來(lái)表示事物則要用作單數(shù)名詞，如：The beautiful is still here.美麗的風(fēng)景依舊。

　　[誤]The stories of the book was written many years ago.

　　[正]The stories of the book were written many years ago.

　　[析]這句話的真正主語(yǔ)應(yīng)是stories，所以應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。

　　[誤]This is one of the English?Chinese dictionary.

　　[正]This is one of the English?Chinese dictionaries.

　　[析]one of意為“……之一”，of后面的名詞要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。

　　[誤]Let's go to uncle Wang for supper.

　　[正]Let's go to uncle Wang's for supper.

　　[析]uncle Wang's 意為“王叔叔家”，doctor's意為“醫(yī)院或私人診所”。

　　[誤]I think we will make a friend with each other.

　　[正]I think we will make friends with each other.

　　[析]make friends 為習(xí)慣用法，即交朋友。

　　[誤]I want to tell you much pieces of good news.

　　[正]I want to tell you many pieces of good news.

　　[析]news為不可數(shù)名詞，但加了量詞之后則要用many來(lái)修飾量詞，因量詞是可數(shù)名詞，或可以說(shuō)I want to tell you some good news.因some 即可用在可數(shù)名詞前，也可用在不可數(shù)名詞前作形容詞，如：I want to tell you some pieces of good news.

　　[誤]The teacher with five students are coming here.

　　[正]The teacher with five students is coming here.

　　[析]要注意由with引出的介詞短語(yǔ)不是本句的主語(yǔ)，這與連詞and有很大的區(qū)別，如：The teacher and five students are coming here. 這里由介詞引出的短語(yǔ)僅僅是teacher的修飾語(yǔ)。

　　[誤]There are a lot of information here, but we don't need them.

　　[正]There is a lot of information here, but we don't need it.

　　[析]information為不可數(shù)名詞，而用作代替它的詞要用it而不能用them.

　　[誤]Many a student make the same mistake in the exam.

　　[正]Many a student makes the same mistake in the exam.

　　[析]many a 加可數(shù)名詞單數(shù)，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用單數(shù)形式，但其意為許多學(xué)生。

　　[誤]The children wear very good cloth to go to school today.