2017年7月20日雅思寫作考試試題預(yù)測
No.1 Some people believe that culture will be ruined if it is used to earntourism revenue, but others consider that tourism is the only way of protectinga culture. Discuss both sides and give your own opinion.旅游業(yè)保護文化還是破壞文化
話題解析
旅游業(yè)有益文化保護(cultural preservation)的論點:
1) 除了自然景觀( landscape )之外,文化和歷史是吸引旅游者去一個國家或者一個旅游景點 ( tourism site )觀光的最主要原因 ( motivator );旅游業(yè)和文化遺產(chǎn)相結(jié)合( integrate tourism and cultural heritage )為文化保護提供了經(jīng)濟支持 ( economic incentives );
2) 在文化領(lǐng)域提供一些旅游選擇 ( introduce thetourism options available with the cultural sectors ),如博物館、歷史景點、活動和美食等 ( including museums, historical sites, events and cuisine ),游客會深入了解當(dāng)?shù)貍鹘y(tǒng)和習(xí)俗 ( get an insight into local customs and traditions ),感受當(dāng)?shù)貍鹘y(tǒng)和藝術(shù) ( experience local traditions, arts and heritage ),從而更加尊重當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)和周圍的環(huán)境 ( respect the host community and its environment) 促進(promote=facilitate= boost= further= gear up = encourage )不同國家之間關(guān)于自然和文化資源保護的交流與對話 ( the dialogue over conservation of natural and cultural resources)。
旅游業(yè)導(dǎo)致文化破壞 ( cultural destruction ) 的觀點:
1) 保護的是一般食物、時尚、節(jié)日等 ( preserve food,fashion, festivals and so forth ) 一些文化的表面特征 (superficial elements of a culture) ,將文化定格成表演者 (freezeculture as performers ) ,導(dǎo)致了文化、宗教、傳統(tǒng)儀式、物質(zhì)文化和語言的損失 ( theloss of culture, religions, rituals, material culture and language) ;將文化商業(yè)化 ( commercialize the culture) ,破壞了文化神圣和獨特的本質(zhì)( erode the sacred ['seɪkrɪd] and unique nature ) ;雖然很多活動是娛樂活動 ( entertain, ratherthan educate tourists ),但有些是對當(dāng)?shù)厝说囊环N羞辱 ( humiliate thelocal people );
2) 垃圾、涂鴉、破壞和噪音不斷增加 ( increasinglitter, graffiti ([grə'fiːtɪ]), vandalism (故意毀壞文物的行為;破壞他人財產(chǎn)的行為) and noise ),游客在沒有被允許的情況下進入建筑物、神殿、神圣的土地 ( enter buildings, shrines or sacred lands without permission ),這都與當(dāng)?shù)匚幕鄾_突(collide with, clash, conflict ),是一種文化侮辱 (an insult to the local culture )。
更多擴展
尊重當(dāng)?shù)厣鐓^(qū)和周圍的環(huán)境 respect the host community
文化侮辱 an insult to the local culture
生態(tài)系統(tǒng) the ecosystem
短缺shortage