Ⅰ.閱讀理解

　　It was just one word in one e-mail，but it caused huge financial losses for a multinational company.The message，written in English，was sent by a native speaker to a colleague for whom English was a second language.Unsure of the word，the receiver found two contradictory meanings in his dictionary.He acted on the wrong one.Months later，senior management investigated why the project had failed，costing hundreds of thousands of dollars.

　　When such misunderstandings happen，it's usually the native speakers who are to blame.Ironically，they are worse at delivering their message than people who speak English as a second or third language.

　　A lot of native speakers are happy that English has become the world's global language.They don't feel the need to accommodate or adapt to others.They often talk too fast for others to follow，and use jokes，slang，short forms and references specific to their own culture.“The first time I worked in an international institution，somebody said‘ETA 16：53’and I thought‘What on earth is ETA?’”says Michael Blattrer，an executive in an international company.

　　And then there's cultural style.When a British reacts to a proposal by saying“That's interesting”，a fellow British might recognize this as“That's rubbish.”But other nationalities would take the word“interesting”on face value.

　　Also，lots of the information is not fully understood because of the complex language native speakers use.Too many non-native speakers，especially the Asians and the French，are too concerned about not“l(fā)osing face”and nod approvingly while not getting the message at all，because of which，the native speakers continue delivering information that makes little sense to them.The information gap is unnoticed and keeps widening.

　　Native speakers should communicate efficiently with simple language.When trying to communicate in English with a group of people with different levels of fluency，it's important for native speakers to make the same point in a couple of different ways and ask for some acknowledgement，reaction and action，to know whether they've been understood or not.

　　【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　當(dāng)母語(yǔ)是英語(yǔ)的人和母語(yǔ)是非英語(yǔ)的人交流時(shí)，由于前者的表達(dá)習(xí)慣，比如用一些俚語(yǔ)、簡(jiǎn)略語(yǔ)等，而后者又礙于面子不懂裝懂，因此產(chǎn)生的信息溝越來(lái)越大。本文建議母語(yǔ)是英語(yǔ)的人在與母語(yǔ)不是英語(yǔ)的人交流時(shí)使用簡(jiǎn)單的語(yǔ)言、采取互動(dòng)等方法以使后者更好地理解。

　　1.The first paragraph of the passage is written to________.

　　A.tell readers an interesting story

　　B.introduce the topic of the passage

　　C.state the importance of English

　　D.show an example of communication

　　解析：推理判斷題。第一段給出了一個(gè)由于信息理解錯(cuò)誤而造成了嚴(yán)重經(jīng)濟(jì)損失的例子。閱讀下文可知，本文解釋了產(chǎn)生這種情況的原因并給出了建議，所以該例子是為了引出文章中心話題。

　　答案：B

　　2.What can we learn about Michael?

　　A.He thinks British people talk too fast.

　　B.He feels no need to adapt to others.

　　C.He's not a native English speakers.

　　D.He finds British culture hard to understand.

　　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第三句話可知，母語(yǔ)為英語(yǔ)的人們說(shuō)話太快，并習(xí)慣用一些笑話、俚語(yǔ)或簡(jiǎn)略形式，這樣讓人很難理解;緊接著舉例邁克爾不理解簡(jiǎn)略表達(dá)“ETA”的意思，由此可以推斷出邁克爾的母語(yǔ)不是英語(yǔ)。

　　答案：C

　　3.What might cause the Asians and the French to“l(fā)ose face”according to the passage?

　　A.Being unable to use complex language.

　　B.Being non-native English speakers.

　　C.Failing to understand native speakers.

　　D.Nodding approvingly while listening.

　　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。第五段第二句提到，母語(yǔ)是非英語(yǔ)的人由于擔(dān)心丟面子，經(jīng)常在沒(méi)有聽懂的情況下點(diǎn)頭表示贊同，由此可以推斷出，聽不懂別人的話會(huì)讓他們感覺(jué)丟人。

　　答案：C

　　4.Native speakers are advised to ask for listeners' acknowledgement in order to________.

　　A.talk to a group of people at the same time

　　B.learn about listeners' levels of fluency

　　C.get suggestions from listeners

　　D.check listeners' understanding

　　解析：細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句中的動(dòng)詞不定式短語(yǔ)“to know whether they've been understood or not”可知，說(shuō)母語(yǔ)的人這么做的目的是為了弄清楚自己說(shuō)的話是否被正確地理解了。

　　答案：D

　　Ⅱ.完形填空

　　I was once in an unusual sociology (社會(huì)學(xué)) class at Brandeis.Each week we studied the__1__we interacted with one another，and how we__2__to anger，envy，attention.We were human lab rats.More often，someone__3__crying.I referred to it as the“touchy-feely”course.Mr.Brown said I should be more__4__.

　　One day，Mr.Brown said he had an__5__for us to try.We were to stand，facing away from our classmates and__6__backward，relying on another student to__7__us.Most of us were__8__with this，and we couldn't let go for more than a few inches__9__stopping ourselves.We laughed in__10__.

　　Finally，a thin，quiet girl，whom I noticed almost always wear the same clothes，crossed her arms over her chest，__11__her eyes and leaned back，just like one of those Lipton tea ads__12__the model dived into the pool.

　　For a moment，I was__13__she was going to fall on the floor.At the__14__moment，her partner held her head and__15__and pulled her up.

　　“Whoa!”several students yelled.Some__16__.

　　Mr.Brown finally smiled.

　　“You see，”he said to the girl，“you closed your eyes.That was the__17__.Sometimes you cannot believe what you see，you have to believe what you__18__.And if you're ever going to have other people__19__you，you must feel that you can trust them，__20__，even where you're in the dark，even when you're falling.”

　　【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文是一篇夾敘夾議文，講述了Brown老師通過(guò)一堂練習(xí)課讓作者及其同學(xué)體會(huì)到了信任的力量的故事。

　　核心詞匯　interact互動(dòng);交流，交往　refer to...as...把……稱為……touchy-feely過(guò)分多愁善感的　let go放手，放開　lean back(使)向后仰　pull up...把……向上拉

　　1.A.behaviourB.ways

　　C.courses D.relationship

　　解析：每周我們都學(xué)習(xí)與他人互動(dòng)的方式(ways)。behaviour“行為”;course“課程”;relationship“關(guān)系”。

　　答案：B

　　2.A.responded B.objected

　　C.stuck D.referred

　　解析：根據(jù)語(yǔ)境及上文中的“we interacted with one another”可知，此處表示我們?nèi)绾螌?duì)憤怒、妒忌和關(guān)注做出反應(yīng)。respond to“對(duì)……做出反應(yīng)”;object to“反對(duì)”;stick to“堅(jiān)持”;refer to“查閱，參考”。

　　答案：A

　　3.A.went on B.gave up

　　C.put off D.ended up

　　解析：該句后面的句子表示我把它稱作“情緒化”的課程，該句與后一句構(gòu)成因果關(guān)系，作者之所以稱之為情緒化課程，是因?yàn)橛腥嗽诨��?dòng)中對(duì)上面提到的感情的反應(yīng)常常是哭泣，故end up“最后處于”符合文意。go on“繼續(xù)”;give up“放棄”;put off“推遲”。

　　答案：D

　　4.A.skillful B.honest

　　C.open-minded D.energetic

　　解析：此處是Brown老師給作者提的建議——作者的思想應(yīng)該更加開明(open-minded)。skillful“熟練的”;honest“誠(chéng)實(shí)的”;energetic“精力充沛的”。

　　答案：C

　　5.A.arrangement B.order

　　C.introduction D.exercise

　　解析：根據(jù)后面的內(nèi)容可知，Brown老師要我們練習(xí)身體往后仰這個(gè)動(dòng)作。exercise“練習(xí)”，符合語(yǔ)境。arrangement“安排”;order“命令”;introduction“序言，導(dǎo)論”。

　　答案：D

　　6.A.jumped B.moved

　　C.fell D.ran

　　解析：根據(jù)下文中的“l(fā)eaned back”和“she was going to fall on the floor”可知選C。

　　答案：C

　　7.A.catch B.pull

　　C.control D.support

　　解析：根據(jù)下文中的“her partner held her head...up”可知選A。catch“接住”。

　　答案：A

　　8.A.dissatisfied B.uncomfortable

　　C.pleased D.familiar

　　解析：根據(jù)“we couldn't let go for more than a few inches__9__stopping ourselves”可知，此處表示我們大部分因?yàn)檫@感到不舒適(uncomfortable)。dissatisfied“不滿意的”;pleased“高興的”;familiar“熟悉的”。

　　答案：B

　　9.A.before B.after

　　C.while D.until

　　解析：根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處指停下做向后傾的動(dòng)作之前，故選A。

　　答案：A

　　10.A.surprise B.excitement

　　C.delight D.embarrassment

　　解析：根據(jù)上下文可知，在做這個(gè)練習(xí)時(shí)，身體稍稍往后傾斜，同學(xué)們就不敢做了，這時(shí)他們會(huì)感到尷尬(embarrassment)。

　　答案：D

　　11.A.fixed B.opened

　　C.closed D.touched

　　解析：根據(jù)下文中的“you closed your eyes”可知選C。fix“固定”;open“打開”;touch“觸摸”。

　　答案：C

　　12.A.every time B.as though

　　C.when D.where

　　解析：分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，ads后面的部分為定語(yǔ)從句，修飾先行詞Lipton tea ads，ads表示“廣告”，空處在后面的定語(yǔ)從句中作地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，故用where。every time“每當(dāng)”;as though“似乎”;when“當(dāng)……時(shí)”。

　　答案：D

　　13.A.sorry B.shocked

　　C.sure D.puzzled

　　解析：根據(jù)下文中的“At the__14__moment，her partner held her head and__15__and pulled her up”可推知，空處所在句表示“我”肯定(sure)她將要摔倒在地板上了。sorry“遺憾的”;shocked“震驚的”;puzzled“感到困惑的”，都不符合語(yǔ)境。

　　答案：C

　　14.A.unusual B.crazy

　　C.exciting D.last

　　解析：at the last moment表示“在最后一刻”，故選D。

　　答案：D

　　15.A.shoulders B.attention

　　C.legs D.chance

　　解析：根據(jù)常識(shí)可知，要把即將倒地的人拉起來(lái)，應(yīng)該是抱住人的頭和雙肩。attention“注意”;leg“腿”;chance“機(jī)會(huì)”，都不符合語(yǔ)境。

　　答案：A

　　16.A.wept B.clapped

　　C.laughed D.sighed

　　解析：“several students yelled”反映了同學(xué)們的激動(dòng)，因此同學(xué)們會(huì)為其鼓掌(clapped)。weep“流淚”;laugh“笑”;sigh“嘆息”。

　　答案：B

　　17.A.success B.difference

　　C.result D.requirement

　　解析：根據(jù)上下文可知，閉著眼和睜著眼是不一樣(difference)的。

　　答案：B

　　18.A.feel B.notice

　　C.hold D.meet

　　解析：根據(jù)上下文可知，Brown老師之所以認(rèn)為閉著眼不一樣，是因?yàn)樗�認(rèn)為人們有時(shí)不相信他們所看到的，但有時(shí)卻不得不相信他們所感受(feel)到的。

　　答案：A

　　19.A.stand by B.rely on

　　C.believe in D.call for

　　解析：空處照應(yīng)后面的trust，故選C項(xiàng)。stand by“袖手旁觀”;rely on“依靠，依賴”;call for“需要，要求”。

　　答案：C

　　20.A.however B.too

　　C.though D.therefore

　　解析：如果你要讓別人信任你，你必須感覺(jué)你也(too)能夠信任他們。

　　答案：B