語(yǔ)法填空
(2014·�？谑姓{(diào)測(cè))
John：I've been noticing recently quite a lot of black smoke coming out of the chimneys of that factory near our school. __1__ really pollutes the air here.
Mary：Yes. But I heard recently that the __2__(own) of the factory have promised to take measures to reduce their factory's pollution.
John：I hope they will keep their promise.
Mary：I think they will. I've been told that __3__ special machine is supposed to be fixed by the end of this year. It's said that the machine can clean the dust out of the smoke __4__ it goes into the air.
John：That's good. Dust is really __5__(harm) to our lungs. I know that because my family lives near a steel factory with a chimney constantly __6__(pour) out black smoke.
Mary：Oh, you live near the steel factory? Is it true that we shouldn't eat the fish from the lake near the steel factory?
John：Yes, that's true—the lake __7__(pollute) by waste from the steel factory.
Mary：Why don't they do anything to clean up the pollution?
John：They always promise, __8__ they never act. A bit of action is __9__ we need.
Mary：You're quite __10__.
文章大意：本文是一篇情景對(duì)話，討論了工廠污染環(huán)境的問(wèn)題。
答案：
1.It/That 考查代詞。此處指上句話提到的這家工廠嚴(yán)重污染空氣，故可以填I(lǐng)t/That，指代上文出現(xiàn)的名詞。注意首字母要大寫。
2.owners 考查名詞。根據(jù)句子結(jié)構(gòu)和句意可知，此處是“主人”的意思;同時(shí)根據(jù)題干中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞“have promised”可知，應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)，故填owners。
3.a 考查冠詞。根據(jù)句意可知，此處是表示“一種”的意思。故填a。
4.before 考查連詞。根據(jù)題干結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處需要用連詞來(lái)連接兩句話，同時(shí)根據(jù)空格前后句意可知，所缺詞意為“在……之前”。故填before。
5.harmful 考查形容詞。根據(jù)題干結(jié)構(gòu)可知，所填詞應(yīng)是形容詞，故填harmful。be harmful to意為“對(duì)……有害”。
6.pouring 考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。根據(jù)題干中“with”可知，所填詞在句中作賓補(bǔ)，而且與賓語(yǔ)之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作正在發(fā)生。故填pouring。
7.has been polluted 考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)題干大意可知，此處指被動(dòng)，而且強(qiáng)調(diào)對(duì)現(xiàn)在的影響。故填has been polluted。
8.but 考查連詞。前后兩句話之間是明顯的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故填but，指他們總是承諾，但從不行動(dòng)。
9.what/all 考查表語(yǔ)從句或定語(yǔ)從句。根據(jù)題干結(jié)構(gòu)可知，本句話是一個(gè)表語(yǔ)從句，從句中缺少“need”的賓語(yǔ)，意為“……的東西”，故填what。同時(shí)what引導(dǎo)的名詞性從句�？梢赞D(zhuǎn)換為“all that”結(jié)構(gòu)的定語(yǔ)從句。因?yàn)樵诒揪渲邢刃性~在從句中作賓語(yǔ)，所以關(guān)系代詞that可以省去。
10.right/correct 考查形容詞。此處是表示同意對(duì)方所說(shuō)的，意為“對(duì)的，正確的”，故填right/correct。
