(2015·青島市二模)

Scientists investigated why Ebola virus is so deadly when it spreads from animals to humans and then from human­to­human contact. The research team looked at the Zaire Ebola virus in an animal system to understand how it gains strength. This virus is responsible for the current outbreak in West Africa. They found that initially the animal systems were not affected by the virus, but succeeding transmission(傳送) into other animals caused the virus to “hot up” and become more severe.

The team analyzed the viruses at different stages and were able to identify several changes in its genetic material that were associated with increased disease.

Professor Julian Hiscox, who led the study from the University's Institute of Infection and Global Health, explains: “The work tells us that the evolutionary goal of Ebola virus is to become more fatal.”

“We were able to show through genetic analysis which parts of the virus are involved in this process. The information we have gathered will now allow us to monitor for such changes in an outbreak as well as develop future treatment strategies.”

Professor Roger Hewson, leading the study from Public Health England, Porton Down, said: “Ebola virus is such a destructive infection to the people affected by the disease and the economy of West Africa.”

“Our understanding of Ebola virus biology is way behind that of other viruses and our cooperation shows how we can bring together our specialists' skills to close this knowledge gap.”

Professor Miles Carroll, a co­author of the work, said: “This study has allowed the team to be at the forefront of developing methodologies to analyze patient samples recently taken by the European Mobile Laboratory from West Africa to understand disease evolution during the current outbreak.”

文章大意：本文是醫(yī)療科研報(bào)告。文章主要講述了關(guān)于埃博拉病毒的研究進(jìn)展情況，該病毒與什么有關(guān)系，該如何控制該病的疫情。

1.What does the first paragraph mainly tell us?

A.How severe Ebola virus is.

B.How Ebola virus spreads.

C.How Ebola virus gradually becomes deadly.

D.What contributions scientists have made on Ebola virus.

答案：C　主旨大意題。A項(xiàng)嚴(yán)重的埃博拉病毒是怎么樣的;B項(xiàng)埃博拉病毒是如何傳播的;C項(xiàng)埃博拉病毒是如何變得致命的;D項(xiàng)科學(xué)家們?yōu)榘２├�病毒做出了什么樣的貢獻(xiàn)。根據(jù)題干關(guān)鍵詞the first paragraph。通讀第一段，并根據(jù)第一句話Scientists investigated why Ebola virus is so deadly when it spreads from animals to humans and then from human­to­human contact可知該段的大意是埃博拉病毒是如何逐漸變得致命的。故選C。

.Which of the following statements is mentioned in the passage?

A.In the first stage, the virus hurts its victims much.

B.As the virus spreads, it'll change and become more and more deadly.

C.The research in Ebola virus is more advanced than that in other viruses.

D.The scientists have a negative attitude to the research in Ebola virus.

答案：B　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第一段的They found that initially the animal systems were not affected by the virus, but succeeding transmission(傳送) into other animals caused the virus to “hot up” and become more severe中的關(guān)鍵詞initially可知A是錯(cuò)誤的;根據(jù)文章的倒數(shù)第二段“Our understanding of Ebola virus biology is way behind that of other viruses and our cooperation shows how we can bring together our specialists' skills to close this knowledge gap.”排除C;根據(jù)文章最后三段可排除D;根據(jù)文章第一段的最后一句話的后半句succeeding transmission(傳送) into other animals caused the virus to “hot up” and become more severe可知選B。

.The underlined word “fatal” has the closest meaning to ________.

A.optimistic B.deadly

C.common D.fantastic

答案：B　詞義猜測題。optimistic樂觀的;deadly致命的;common常見的;fantastic奇異的。根據(jù)文章第四段的The information we have gathered will now allow us to monitor for such changes in an outbreak as well as develop future treatment strategies和該段的the evolutionary goal of Ebola virus可知埃博拉病毒變得更加致命。由此推斷fatal是致命的。故選B。

.Where can we probably read this passage?

A.In a science report. B.In a storybook.

C.In an advertisement. D.In a textbook.

答案：A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。In a science report在科技報(bào)告上;In a storybook在故事書中;In an advertisement在一個(gè)廣告中;In a textbook在課本中。通讀全文，并根據(jù)文章介紹埃博拉病毒的研究進(jìn)程判斷選A。

閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個(gè)選項(xiàng)(A、B、C、D)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。Regardless of the fact that getting dressed in baseball caps and T-shirts are classic American style choices; the preppy(學(xué)院風(fēng)格) look is what sophisticated(高雅時(shí)髦的) British youths wear. But when it comes to the best-dressed nation, neither the US nor the UK tops CNN’s list. So which country has the best fashion sense? Take a look.

Italy

Italy is a country which lays a strong emphasis on outward appearance. Elegance is in Italian blood and most Italians would give up comfort in order to look graceful. They dress well even for simple trips to the grocery store.

Both males and females have a good understanding of style, dressing themselves up with well-groomed(講究的) hair and a smart pair of shoes. It is no wonder that so many of the best fashion designers are Italian!

Sweden

Retail(零售) giant H & M continues to spread affordable Swedish style around the world. What has been called the “Swedish fashion miracle” actually comes from the “l(fā)ess is more” philosophy. The Swedes tend to adopt a practical approach to what they wear, but they don’t lack creativity.

France

The French have a chic(別致的) air about them. They appear casual and elegant without being over-dressed or under-dressed, and always seem to give off confidence in their style choices. “The laissez-faire(自由放任的) approach to fashion is something many people love — and the looks they wear are something we all want to emulate on a daily basis,” said The Huffington Post.

1. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the text?

A. Getting dressed sophisticatedly is American style.

B. Wearing T-shirts is British style.

C. British young people like the preppy style.

D. The UK is the best-dressed country in the world.

2. What can we learn from Swedish dressing style?

A. It is practical and creative. B. It is unaffordable.

C. It lacks confidence. D. It lacks creativity.

3. What’s the meaning of the underlined word “emulate” in the last paragraph?

A. Imitate. B. Thrill. C. Like. D. Hate.

參考答案、CAA