So long as teachers fail to distinguish between teaching and learning, they will continue to undertake to do for children which only children can do for themselves. Teaching children to read is not passing reading ability on to them. It is certainly not endless hours spent in activities about reading. Douglas insists that reading cannot be taught directly and schools should stop trying to do the impossible.
Teaching and learning are two entirely different processes. They differ in kind and function. The function of teaching is to create the conditions and the climate that will make it possible for children to devise the most efficient system for teaching themselves to read. Teaching is also a public activity. It can be seen and observed.
Learning to read involves all that each individual does to make sense of the world of printed language. Almost all of it is private, for learning is an occupation of the mind, and that process is not open to public scrutiny.
If teacher and learner roles are not interchangeable, what then can be done through teaching that will aid the child in the quest(探索) for knowledge? Smith has one principal rule for all teaching instructions. “Make learning to read easy, which means making reading a meaningful, enjoyable and frequent experience to children.”
When the roles of teacher and learner are seen for what they are, and when both teacher and learner fulfil them appropriately, then much of the pressure and feeling of failure for both is eliminated. Learning to read is made easier when teachers create an environment where children are given the opportunity to solve the problem of learning to read by reading.
21.The problem with the reading course as mentioned in the first paragraph is that ________.
A.it is one of the most difficult school courses
B.students spend endless hours in reading
C.reading tasks are assigned with little guidance
D.too much time is spent in teaching about reading
22.The teaching of reading will be successful if ______.
A.teachers can improve conditions at school for the students
B.teachers can enable students to develop their own ways of reading
C.teachers can devise the most efficient system for reading
D.teachers can make their teaching activities observable
23.The underlined word “scrutiny” in Paragraph 3 most probably means “________”.[來(lái)源:學(xué).科.網(wǎng)Z.X.X.K]
A.inquiry B.observation
C.control D.suspicion
24.According to the passage, learning to read will no longer be a difficult task when ________.
A.children become highly motivated
B.teacher and learner roles are interchangeable
C.teaching helps children in the search for knowledge
D.reading enriches children's experience
25.The main idea of the passage is that ________.
A.teachers should do as little as possible in helping students learn to read
B.teachers should encourage students to read as widely as possible
C.reading ability is something acquired rather than taught
D.reading is more complicated than generally believed
【文章大意】 本文主要談?wù)摻逃龁?wèn)題。現(xiàn)行的教學(xué)中，大量的時(shí)間被用于教學(xué)生如何閱讀。然而，閱讀能力并不是通過(guò)老師講授給學(xué)生的，而是學(xué)生自己通過(guò)努力得到的。
21.D 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“It is certainly not endless hours spent in activities about reading.”可知，太多的時(shí)間被用于教學(xué)生如何閱讀，故選D。
22.B 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段“Learning to read is made easier when teachers create an environment where children are given the opportunity to solve the problem of learning to read by reading.”可知，教師只是起到一個(gè)創(chuàng)造情境的作用，如何學(xué)會(huì)閱讀，需要學(xué)生自己探索適合自己的方法，故選B。
23.B 詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二和第三段中的“Teaching is also a public activity. It can be seen and observed. Almost all of it is private, for learning is an occupation of the mind, and that process is not open to public scrutiny.”可知，教學(xué)是一個(gè)公開(kāi)的活動(dòng)，而學(xué)習(xí)則屬于私人活動(dòng)，它在一個(gè)人的內(nèi)心進(jìn)行，學(xué)習(xí)的過(guò)程不是公開(kāi)的，因此不能被觀察，故選B。
24.A 推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段中的“When the roles of teacher and learner are seen for what they are, and when both teacher and learner fulfil them appropriately, then much of the pressure and feeling of failure for both is eliminated.”可知，教師應(yīng)該創(chuàng)造情境來(lái)激發(fā)學(xué)生的動(dòng)力，這樣做的話(huà)，學(xué)生會(huì)很容易掌握閱讀技巧，故選A。
25.C 主旨大意題。根據(jù)第一段中的“…they will continue to undertake to do for children which only children can do for themselves…reading cannot be taught directly…”和最后一段中的“Learning to read is made easier when teachers create an environment where children are given the opportunity to solve the problem of learning to read by reading.”可知，閱讀能力不是教會(huì)的，而是學(xué)生自己通過(guò)努力習(xí)得的，故選C。
