考點(diǎn)一、狀語從句中的省略

　　(1) 當(dāng)主句主語與從句主語相同(或從句主語為it)，并且從句謂語中含be動詞，常將從句主語和be動詞省略，構(gòu)成省略形式。

　　(2) as / than引導(dǎo)比較狀語從句時，從句通常使用省略形式。如：He earns less than his wife (does).

　　When _____ for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding. (2012安徽)

　　A. asking B. asked

　　C. having asked D. to be asked

　　解析：BWhen引導(dǎo)的狀語從句，When he was asked for his views about his teaching job。

　　考點(diǎn)二、動詞不定式的省略

　　(1)在主動語態(tài)中，感官動詞或使役動詞后接不定式作補(bǔ)足語時將不定式符號to省略。

　　【考例】

　　The director had her assistant _____ some hot dogs for the meeting.

　　A. picked up B. picks up

　　C. pick up D. picking up

　　解析： Chad是使役動詞，to。

　　(2) 在同一句話或同一情景對話中，當(dāng)同一動作再次出現(xiàn)在后面的不定式位置上時，可以只保留不定式符號to。

　　【考例】

　　The driver wanted to park his car near the roadside but was asked by the police _____. (2013課標(biāo)1)

　　A. not to do B. not to

　　C. not do D. do not

　　解析：B “在路邊停車”這一動作前面已經(jīng)提到，：… but was asked by the police not to park his car near the roadside.

　　[] 句式would have done sth, should have done sth, ought to have done sth, needn’t have done sth, used to be...等省略形式為 would have, should have, ought to have, needn’t have, used to be。要保留不定式后的have或be。如：

　　—Are you a sailor?

　　—No, but I used to be (a sailor).

　　so / not

　　英語中常用so / not等來代替省略的肯定內(nèi)容或否定內(nèi)容，I’m afraid / I hope / I think / I guess / I believe / I expect / I suppose等開頭的答語中，： if so / if not

　　【考例1】

　　—Everybody is going to climb the mountain. Can I go too, mom?

　　—_____ Wait till you are old enough, dear. (2010全國I)

　　A. Will you? B. Why not?

　　C. I hope so. D. I’m afraid not.

　　解析： D： I don’t think so. = I think not. I don’t expect so. = I expect not. 2】

　　—The boys are not doing a good job at all, are they?

　　—_____.

　　A. I guess not so B. I don’t guess

　　C. I don’t guess so D. I guess not

　　解析：DI guess not 中的not 并不是否定動詞guess的，，： (that) the boys are not doing a good job at all. ， I guess not“我不這么猜想”，“我想是的”或“我看他們干得不好”。

　　考點(diǎn)四、情景交際中的省略

　　在情景對話中，常常省略大家都知道的內(nèi)容或不會引起歧義的部分，只保留主干部分或關(guān)鍵詞。

　　【考例】

　　—Goodbye, John. Come back again sometime.

　　—Sure. _____. (2012四川)

　　A. I did B. I do C. I shall D. I will

　　解析：D。答語句意：當(dāng)然，我會的。I will后面省略了come back again sometime。

　　倒裝

　　考點(diǎn)一、完全倒裝

　　(一)在here, there, now, then, away, down, in, up, off, out等副詞開頭的句子中(主語一般為名詞，be, come, go, run等)，

　　【考例】

　　Hearing the dog barking fiercely, away _____. (2009上海)

　　A. fleeing the thief B. was fleeing the thief

　　C. the thief was fleeing D. fled the thief

　　解析：D。句意：一聽到狗叫得厲害，小偷趕緊逃走了。副詞away位于句頭，使用完全倒裝。

　　(二) 地點(diǎn)狀語位于句首時，主語為名詞且謂語動詞為不及物動詞(如lie, stand, sit等)，常使用完全倒裝句式。

　　【考例】

　　At the meeting place of the Yangtze River and the Jialing River _____, one of the ten largest cities in China.

　　A. lies Chongqing

　　B. Chongqing lies

　　C. does lie Chongqing

　　D. does Chongqing lie

　　解析：A：At no time _____ the rules of the game. It was unfair to punish them. (2013遼寧)

　　A. they actually broke

　　B. do they actually break

　　C. did they actually break

　　D. they had actually broken

　　解析：C。at no time為否定詞語，因此主句用部分倒裝結(jié)構(gòu)。句意：實(shí)際上他們從沒有打破游戲規(guī)則。處罰他們是不公平的。