第一節(jié)(共15小題;每小題2分，滿分30分)

　　閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項，并在答題卡上將該項涂黑。

　　A

　　Two years ago, Hannah Mighall, then 13, survived a great white shark attack on Tasmania's north­east coast, but despite the terrible scars, the shy yet courageous teenager is determined to get back into the water.

　　It's been a long journey back for the brave girl, whose life was changed forever as she was on her surfboard 60 metres offshore at Binalong, Bay, Tasmania.

　　Her cousin, 32­year­old Syb Mundy, was surfing nearby, “Suddenly, everything went quiet, ”Hannah, now15，recalls of the day she almost lost her life, “I look down into the water and noticed a dark shadow under my board and I knew instantly it was a shark.”

　　As Syb watched in horror, the five­metre shark put hundreds of sharp teeth onto Hannah's right leg，throwing her from her board, “I was attached to my leg­rope as the shark started to pull me under the water”， she shakes, “I was lying on my back with one leg under the shark's body and the other still in its jaws.”

　　Syb desperately punched (猛擊)the shark's nose and reached out to grab Hannah as the monster bit a huge chunk(大塊)from the surfboard, “I was still attached to my board and was dragged back under the water again，”she says. When she came up for air, Hannah dog paddled(爬泳)to Syb's board and he dragged her from the water to lie on his back. “We looked down and saw the shark circling beneath us，”Hannah says.

　　Hannah was rushed to the hospital by helicopter. She needed more than 400 stitches(針)on her leg and spent two weeks in hospital.

　　Modest about her remarkable courage, Hannah owes her survival to Syb's bravery and the fact that great whites，despite their reputation as man­eaters, typically don't target humans. After the attack, Hannah earned the Sea Shepherd award for courage for speaking in defence of the shark. “I was in her territory, she wasn't in mine，”she smiles.

　　文章大意：本文主要講述的是Hannah Mighall成功的從鯊魚嘴里逃生的故事。但是她并不責(zé)怪鯊魚攻擊她，認(rèn)為是她自己進(jìn)入鯊魚的領(lǐng)地。

　　21.Which of the following can be the best title of the passage?

　　A.Courage Can Beat Any Difficulty

　　B.How to Escape from a Shark Attack

　　C.A Survival from a Shark Attack

　　D.Sharks Can Target Humans Sometimes

　　答案：C　主旨大意題。本文主要講述的是Hannah Mighall成功的從鯊魚嘴里逃生的故事。故C項最能體現(xiàn)文章大意。故C正確。

　　22.What is the correct order of the following events happening to Hannah?

　　a.She was bit and pulled by the shark

　　d.She was dragged from the water

　　b.She swam to Syb's board

　　e.She was pulled under the water again

　　c.She came up to take a breath

　　f.She noticed the change of the things around her

　　A.f，a，b，e，c，d　　　　 B.f，a，e，c，b，d

　　C.a，e，c，b，d，f D.a，c，b，e，d，f

　　答案：B　細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章3-6段Suddenly everything went quiet. “I look down into the water and noticed a dark shadow under my board and I knew instantly it was a shark.” As Syb watched in horror, the five­metre shark put hundreds of sharp teeth onto Hannah's right leg throwing her from her board. “I was attached to my leg­rope as the shark started to pull me under the water.” She shakes, “I was lying on my back with one leg under the shark's body and the other still in its jaws.” Syb desperately punched(猛擊)the shark's nose and reached out to grab Hannah as the monster bit a huge chunk(大塊) from the surfboard, “I was still attached to my board and was dragged back under the water again”，she says. When she came up for air, Hannah dog paddled(爬泳)to Syb's board and he dragged her from the water to lie on his back可知B項的順序是正確的。

　　23.How was Hannah sent to the hospital?

　　A.She was sent to the hospital by Syb

　　B.She was sent to the hospital by local people

　　C.She was sent to the hospital by helicopter

　　D.She was sent to the hospital by the Sea Shepherb

　　答案：C　細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章倒數(shù)第二段第一句Hannah was rushed to the hospital by helicopter可知C項正確。

　　24.The reason why Hannah was awarded is that ________.

　　A.She was brave to speak for the shark although she was severely injured by it

　　B.She successfully escaped from a dangerous situation because of her courage

　　C.She was courageous enough to go deep into sharks'territory and survived

　　D.She has been determined to go hack into the sea where there are sharks

　　答案：A　細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章最后3句，After the attack, Hannah earned the Sea Shepherd award for courage for speaking in defence of the shark “I was in his territory, she wasn't in mine, ”she smiles. 可知她獲獎的原因是雖然被鯊魚攻擊，但是她并不責(zé)怪鯊魚。故A正確。

　　B

　　As rain begins to fall from the clouds, it is very pure. However, as it falls through the air it dissolves some of the gases in the air, It also collects bits of dust and microbes(微生物)that are floating in the air. When the rain reaches the ground it begins to pick up more dust and dirt. Many kinds of mineral substances dissolve in the water. Sand and mud cannot dissolve in water.

　　Since water is so important to us, it is very important that the water we use should be clean. Otherwise, we might get some of the diseases that are carried by water. Many microbes are harmful. They are so small that we cannot see them, These microbes must be removed or killed before the water is not clean. People who drink this water may get these diseases. Thus, to provide people with clean water, the government purifies the water.

　　Purification is a long process and consists of three stages: storing, purifying and distributing. The first stage is storing. Man­made lakes called reservoirs are used for this purpose. Water from the rains, other lakes, streams and rivers is collected in the reservoirs. This water is usually dirty and muddy.

　　In the second stage which is purifying, water from the reservoirs is filtered in a special pond. Stones, sand and other unwanted tiny things are caught in it. After that, tiny microbes are still present in the water. These microbes are removed by “airing”the water and by adding a chemical substance called chlorine(氯)to the water. This kills all the microbes in the water. After this the water can be safely used for drinking.

　　The third stage is the distribution of the purified water to homes, hospitals, offices, factories and other places. This is done through a network of pipes of various sizes. These pipes must be make of a suitable material.

　　文章大意：本文主要講述了凈化水的過程以及在凈化的過程中人們采用的多種不同的凈化方法。

　　25.From Paragraph 1, we can learn that ________.

　　A.Rain has contained gases when it forms in the clouds

　　B.Dust and microbes are dissolved in rain when rain falls on the ground

　　C.The closer rain is to the ground, the more impure things it contains

　　D.Sand and mud are things rain collects when it falls through the air

　　答案：C　推理題。根據(jù)文章第一段as it falls through the air it dissolves some of the gases in the air, It also collects bits of dust and microbes(微生物) that are floating in the air. When the rain reaches the ground it begins to pick up more dust and dirt. Many kinds of mineral substances dissolve in the water. Sand and mud cannot dissolve in water. 可知在下落的過程中，雨水溶解了很多有害的物質(zhì)在里面，所以雨水越靠近地面，越臟。故C正確。

　　26.According to Paragraph 2, the following statements are wrong except that ________.

　　A.All the microbes in water are harmful so water must be purified

　　B.some diseases can spread through drinking water if it is not clean

　　C.Water is safe to drink if only harmful microbes are removed from it

　　D.it is the government's responsibility to make drinking water clean

　　答案：B　細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第二段3,4行，These microbes must be removed or killed before the water is not clean, people who drink this water may get these diseases可知這樣的水里含有很多有害的物質(zhì)，喝了會讓我們生病，影響我們的健康。故B正確。

　　27.What can we know about man­made lakes?

　　A.It is used through the whole process of purification

　　B.Only rain water can be collected and stored in it

　　C.Water collected can be stored and filtered in it

　　D.Water from them contains a lot of impure substances

　　答案：D　細(xì)節(jié)題。根據(jù)文章第三段最后3句Man­made lakes called reservoirs are used for this purpose. Water from the rains, other lakes, streams and rivers is collected in the reservoirs. This water is usually dirty and muddy。可知在這樣的人工湖里的水是很臟的。故D正確。

　　28.What is probably this passage?

　　A.A news report B.A book review

　　C.A magazine article D.A school paper

　　答案：C　推理題。本文主要講述的是凈化水的過程，屬于科普類的文章，最可能出現(xiàn)在科普類短文雜志里。故C正確。

　　C