Ⅰ. 閱讀理解

　　Astronauts on the International Space Station (ISS) may soon be able to turn their used forks and knives into tools and satellite parts.

　　Tethers Unlimited Inc. , an aerospace technology company, has developed a system that combines a waste recycling machine with a 3D printer.

　　Astronauts will put waste items made of plastic into the recycling machine, called the Poistrusion Recycler. When they press a button, the Recycler will melt down the plastic and turn it into 3D filament (長絲).

　　The filament will be used in a 3D printer on the ISS—called the Refabricator—to make tools, spare parts and satellite components.

　　The waste will come from packaging materials, food containers, trays and eating utensils (器具) used on the ISS. Astronaut currently use disposable wet wipes to clean their food containers and utensils. The used wipes are stored as trash (垃圾), and replacement wipes must be sent up to the ISS on cargo missions.

　　By recycling old food containers and utensils, astronauts will reduce the amount of trash they produce. To get rid of trash from the ISS, astronauts load it into empty cargo capsules (航天艙) and release it into space. The capsules burn up when they enter Earth’s atmosphere.

　　Turning trash into useful new items will also help NASA save money because astronauts will need fewer supplies. It costs about $ 6,000 for every kilogram launched into orbit. These benefits will be even more important for longer missions in the future—such as the two­year journey to Mars. Astronauts will be able to recycle old waste materials into new tools and parts as they need them.

　　Tethers have successfully tested the systems in its laboratory. They will test it on the ISS in late 2018. The company is also developing a version of the system for use here on Earth.

　　[語篇解讀]　本文講述一家航天科技公司Tethers Unlimited Inc. ，開發(fā)了一種將廢物回收機(jī)和3D打印機(jī)結(jié)合起來的系統(tǒng)。這種新技術(shù)可把塑料廢物回收并轉(zhuǎn)化為新的工具和部件，這不僅減少了宇航員們在空間站的垃圾量，節(jié)省了資金，還為探索空間提供更多的條件。

　　1.What material are the forks and knives for astronauts made of?

　　A.Gold. 　　 B.Iron.

　　C.Plastic. 　　 D.Wood.

　　答案：C　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章前四段可知，在國際空間站的宇航員把他們用過的刀叉回收變成工具和衛(wèi)星部件，這種技術(shù)就是利用一種叫3D打印機(jī)和廢物回收機(jī)相結(jié)合的系統(tǒng)，把塑料廢棄品放入機(jī)中，回收后制成新的工具和部件。由此可知這些東西就是用塑料廢物制成的。A.Gold. 黃金;B.Iron. 鐵;C.Plastic. 塑料;D.Wood. 木頭。]

　　2.At present, the astronauts mainly get supplies by ______.

　　A.D printers B.reusing the old ones

　　C.collecting from the space D.the capsules launched from the earth

　　答案：D　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第六段To get rid of trash from the ISS，astronauts load it into empty cargo capsules(航天艙)and release it into space. 內(nèi)容可知，空間站的貨物航天艙(capsules)是用于與地球交流物質(zhì)的。第七段Turning trash into useful new items will also help NASA save money because astronauts will need fewer supplies. It costs about $6,000 for every kilogram launched into orbit.... 可知將垃圾循環(huán)為有用的新物品，這有助于NASA節(jié)省資金，因?yàn)橛詈絾T將需要更少的補(bǔ)給。由此可知宇航員所用的東西來源于地球，由于這項(xiàng)技術(shù)，可以少從地球帶東西。由這兩處可知只有D項(xiàng)正確。]

　　3.What can the new technology help the astronauts do?

　　A.Reuse the trash.

　　B.Send the trash to Mars.

　　C.Take the trash to the earth.

　　D.Load the trash into empty capsules and throw it away.

　　答案：D　[根據(jù)第六段中的最后To get rid of trash from the ISS, astronauts load it into empty cargo capsules (航天艙) and release it into space. The capsules burn up when they enter Earth’s atmosphere. 可知，這段技術(shù)可幫助宇航員把垃圾倒進(jìn)航天艙并扔掉。 ]

　　4.What is the biggest benefit of the new technology mentioned in the text?

　　A.It can save some space for the ISS.

　　B.It can gave more time for the astronauts.

　　C.It can provide more conditions to explore space.

　　D.It can help to reduce the journey from Earth to Mars.

　　答案：C　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第六段可知這種新技術(shù)可把塑料廢物回收并利用。減少了宇航員們在空間站的垃圾量。第七段可知，同時也有助于NASA節(jié)省資金，因?yàn)橛詈絾T將需要更少的補(bǔ)給，讓他們可進(jìn)行更長久更遠(yuǎn)的宇宙旅行等。由這兩處可知它可以為探索空間提供更多的條件。]

　　Ⅱ. 完形填空

　　A few weeks after my first wife, Georgia, was called to heaven, I was cooking dinner for my son and myself. For a __1__,_I had decided on frozen peas. As I was cutting open the bag, it __2__ from my hand and crashed to the floor. The peas，like marbles, __3__ everywhere. I tried to use a broom, __4__ with each sweep they just rolled across the kitchen.

　　For the next week, every time I was in the __5__,_I found a pea—in a corner, or behind a table leg. They kept __6__. Eight months later I pulled out the refrigerator to clean behind it, and __7__ 12 frozen peas hidden underneath.

　　At the time I found those few remaining __8__ , I was in a new relationship with a wonderful __9__ I’d met in a support group. After we married, I was reminded __10__ those peas under the refrigerator, and realized that my __11__ had been like that bag of frozen peas. It had shattered(破碎).My wife had died; I was in a new city with a busy job, and with a son having trouble __12__ his new surroundings and the __13__ of his mother. I was a bag of spilled frozen peas; my life had come apart and scattered.

　　When life gets you __14__,_when everything you know comes apart, and when you think you’ll never __15__,_remember that it’s just a bag of scattered frozen peas. The peas can be __16__,_and life will move on. You’ll find all the peas __17__，including the ones that are hardest to find. And when you’ve got them __18__ you’ll start to feel whole again.

　　The life you know can break apart at any time. But you’ll have to __19__,_and how fast you collect your peas depends on you. Will you keep scattering them around with a broom, __20__ will you pick them up one by one and put your life back together?

　　[語篇解讀]　本文用一袋灑落的豌豆來比喻我們的人生，鼓勵我們在遇到困難時要勇于面對。

　　1.A.drink　　 B.vegetable

　　C.fruit　　 D.meat

　　答案：B　[根據(jù)下文中的frozen peas(冷凍豌豆)可知，只有蔬菜(vegetable)符合語境。]

　　2.A.slipped B.walked

　　C.ran D.moved

　　A　[根據(jù)crashed to the floor可知，當(dāng)“我”要把袋子打開時，豌豆從“我”手上滑落(slipped)，掉到地板上了。]

　　3.A.rubbed B.rolled

　　C.grew D.existed

　　答案：B　[袋子里的豌豆?jié)L落了一地。豆子是圓的，那么應(yīng)該是滾動(rolled)著。]

　　4. A.so B.and

　　C.although D.but

　　D　[“我”想用掃帚掃這些豆子，但是(but)每掃一下，豆子就會滾到別的地方。]

　　5.A.kitchen B.living room

　　C.bedroom D.storeroom

　　答案：A　[根據(jù)上文中的I was cooking dinner for my son and myself. 可知，當(dāng)時“我”是在廚房里做飯，豌豆掉了廚房一地，所以每次到廚房(kitchen)里做飯，都能找到灑落的豌豆。]

　　6.A.turning up B.getting up

　　C.taking up D.using up

　　答案：A　[這里是指每次到廚房，“我”都會發(fā)現(xiàn)豌豆不停地出現(xiàn)(turning up)在廚房的各個角落。get up“起床”;take up“占據(jù)”;use up“用光”，均不符合此處的語境。]

　　7.A.left B.ate

　　C.found D.planted

　　答案：C　[8個月后，“我”挪動冰箱打掃冰箱后面，發(fā)現(xiàn)(found)了12顆冷凍豌豆。]

　　8.A.presents B.cans

　　C.vegetables D.peas

　　答案：D　[在“我”發(fā)現(xiàn)剩余的幾顆豌豆(peas)的時候……]

　　9.A.woman B.child

　　C.man D.boy

　　A　[根據(jù)下文“我”再婚了可知，當(dāng)時“我”正在和一個非常棒的女性(woman)交往。]

　　10.A.for B.of

　　C.with D.in

　　答案：B　[“我”總會想起那袋灑落的豌豆。remind sb. of sth. “提醒某人某事/物”。]

　　11.A.wife B.life

　　C.son D.friend

　　B　[根據(jù)下文內(nèi)容可知，“我”把生活比喻成冷凍豌豆，“我”意識到“我”的人生(life)以前就像這袋豌豆，四處散落。]

　　12.A.adjusting to B.leading to

　　C.turning to D.adding to

　　答案：A　[這里是指當(dāng)時“我”妻子去世了，“我”搬到新的城市忙于工作，“我”的兒子適應(yīng)(adjusting to)新環(huán)境有些困難。lead to“導(dǎo)致”;turn to“轉(zhuǎn)向”;add to“增加”，均不符合此處的語境。]

　　13.A.thank B.loss

　　C.help D.love

　　答案：B　[根據(jù)上下文可知“我”妻子去世了，兒子自然失去了媽媽。]

　　14.A.close B.near

　　C.down D.wide

　　答案：C　[當(dāng)人生讓你心情低落(down)時，當(dāng)你覺得再也挺不過去時。get sb. down“讓某人情緒低落”。]

　　15.A.get it B.leave it

　　C.take it D.make it

　　答案：D　[當(dāng)你覺得不可能成功(make it)時，記住這只是一袋暫時灑落的豌豆。]

　　16.A.grown B.bought

　　C.frozen D.collected

　　答案：D　[這里是指豌豆可以重新被收集(collected)起來，生活也將會繼續(xù)下去。]

　　17.A.specially B.fortunately

　　C.properly D.eventually

　　D　[這里是指最后(eventually)你會把所有的豌豆都收集齊。specially“特別地”;fortunately“幸運(yùn)地”;properly“合適地”，均不符合此處的語境。]

　　18.A.both B.all

　　C.either D.each

　　答案：B　[這里是指當(dāng)你把所有的(all)豌豆收集齊的時候，你就會發(fā)現(xiàn)生活又完整了。]

　　19.A.move on B.put on

　　C.bring on D.call on

　　答案：A　[這里是指生活隨時可能會破碎，但是我們將繼續(xù)前行(move on)。put on“穿上”;bring on“引起;使發(fā)展”;call on“號召”，均不符合此處的語境。]

　　20.A.while B.because

　　C.or D.since

　　答案：C　[空前后表示兩種可供選擇的情況，故用or(或者，還是)。]

　　Ⅲ. 語法填空

　　The relationship between parents and children has always been a hot topic. Many students may feel 1. ______(stress) because of their parents. Most parents have good intentions，2. ______ some of them aren’t very helpful with the problems their sons and daughters have in 3. ______ (adjust) to college, and a few of them seem to go out of their ways to add to their children’s 4. ______ (difficulty).

　　For one thing, parents are often not aware of the kinds of problems their children face. They don’t realize that the 5. ______ (compete) is stronger, that the required standards of work are 6. ______(high), and that their children may not be prepared for 7. ______ change. They may be upset by their children’s poor grades. At their kindest, they may 8. ______(gentle) ask why John or Mary isn’t doing better, whether he or she is trying as hard as he or she could and so on. At their worst, they may threaten 9. ______ (take) their children out of college or cut off living expenses.

　　Sometimes parents think it right and natural that they determine 10. ______ their children should do with their lives. They forget that everyone is different and that each person must develop in his or her own way.

　　[語篇解讀]　本文介紹父母和孩子之間存在的問題。很多孩子有壓力，但是父母不能理解他們，不能幫助他們。

　　1.stressed　[考查系表結(jié)構(gòu)。feel是連系動詞。后面接形容詞，修飾人用過去分詞形式的形容詞。故填stressed。]

　　2.but　[考查連詞。上文說：大多數(shù)父母用意是好的。下文說：他們對問題也無能為力。表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。故填but。]

　　3.adjusting　[考查非謂語動詞。介詞in后面接動名詞。故填adjusting。]

　　4.difficulties　[考查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)。children’s后面接名詞，difficulty表示“困難的事情”是可數(shù)的，和children’s搭配用復(fù)數(shù)。故填difficulties。]

　　5.competition　[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。這個空是填that后面賓語從句的主語，用名詞。故填competition。]

　　6.higher　[考查比較級。和上文的stronger并列，用形容詞比較級。故填higher。]

　　7.the　[考查冠詞。特指上文的“競爭更強(qiáng)，工作要求更高”這樣的“改變”。用定冠詞。故填the。]

　　8.gently　[考查詞性轉(zhuǎn)換。修飾動詞ask用副詞。故填gently。]

　　9.to take　[考查非謂語動詞。threaten to do sth. “威脅會做某事”。故填to take。]

　　10.what　[考查賓語從句。determine后面是賓語從句，賓語從句do缺少賓語，故填what。]