利用平行結(jié)構(gòu)解題

　　平行結(jié)構(gòu)指的是結(jié)構(gòu)相同或相似，意思密切關(guān)聯(lián)，語法一致的句子或詞組成串排列的語言現(xiàn)象。這些結(jié)構(gòu)的形式整齊勻稱，內(nèi)容聯(lián)系緊密。命題者常從平行結(jié)構(gòu)的句式相同或相似這一角度，利用其表現(xiàn)意義的關(guān)聯(lián)或?qū)Ρ冗@一特點來設(shè)空。高考完形填空短文常常會出現(xiàn)這樣一些平行結(jié)構(gòu)，掌握這些結(jié)構(gòu)極為相似的句子可大大提高我們的解題效率。如：

　　Many people now think that teachers give pupils too much homework. They say that it is___51___for children to work at home in their free time. ___52___, they argue that most teachers do not___53___ plan the homework tasks they give to pupils.

　　51. A. unnecessary B. uninteresting C. unfortunate D. unimportant

　　52. A. Nevertheless B. However C. Therefore D. Moreover

　　53. A. considerably B. favorably C. properly D. pleasantly

　　【解析】排比結(jié)構(gòu)由Many people think that…They say that…they argue that…所組成。在意義上表現(xiàn)了人們(學生家長)對學生課業(yè)負擔過重的抱怨。該結(jié)構(gòu)中所設(shè)置的三個空格的正確填入，要求考生首先把握結(jié)構(gòu)所體現(xiàn)的“主題” —— 抱怨作業(yè)太多。其次，要求考生理解三句之間在表達意義上的遞進關(guān)系。即：作業(yè)過多“too much homework”;所以，課余學生在家做作業(yè)是沒必要的“unnecessary”;不僅如此，教師對作業(yè)的設(shè)計也不合適“not properly”。故答案分別為A、D、C。

　　Companies with low accident rates plan their safety programs, work hard to organize them, and continue working to keep them ___42___ and active.

　　42. A. alive B. vivid C. mobile D. diverse

　　【解析】因空格處與and后面的active是平行的，所以答案為與active意思相近的alive。