2019年高考英語精選試題及答案(十)
Ⅰ. 單句語法填空
1.Lessons can be learned to face the future __though/although__history cannot be changed.
解析:對(duì)比分析兩個(gè)句子的意思可知從句表達(dá)的意思是“雖然;盡管”。句意為:雖然歷史不能被改變,但是可以學(xué)習(xí)經(jīng)驗(yàn)來面對(duì)未來。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句,故填though/although。
2.You will never gain success __unless__you are fully devoted to your work.
解析:根據(jù)句意可知主從句間是條件關(guān)系,且對(duì)比分析兩句話間“主將從現(xiàn)”的時(shí)態(tài)及主句中的否定詞never可知用表?xiàng)l件的unless(if...not)。句意為:除非你完全投入到你的工作中,否則你永遠(yuǎn)無法取得成功。
3.He is a shy man,__but__he is not afraid of anything or anyone.
解析:but用來連接并列但語義對(duì)比的兩個(gè)句子。句意:他是個(gè)靦腆的人,但他并不怕任何事或任何人。
4.__Once__the damage is done, it will take many years for the farmland to recover.
解析:once一旦。句意:一旦造成損害,土地要好多年才能恢復(fù)。
5.We need to get to the root of the problem__before__we can solve it.
解析:本題考查狀語從句的連詞。before表示“主句發(fā)生在從句之前”。句意:在我們解決問題之前,我們需要找到問題的根源。
6.__Although/Though__the job takes a significant amount of time,most students agree that the experience is worth it.
解析:although/though雖然(表示“雖然”時(shí),不在后面使用連詞but,不過有時(shí)它可與yet,still,nevertheless等副詞連用)。句意:雖然那個(gè)工作要花大量的時(shí)間,但是大多數(shù)學(xué)生都覺得這次經(jīng)歷是值得的。
7.That's why I help brighten people's days.If you__don't__,who's to say that another person will?
解析:考查if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句。在if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句中,如果從句談?wù)摰氖且粋(gè)有可能發(fā)生的事實(shí)及其產(chǎn)生的相關(guān)的結(jié)果,主句用一般將來時(shí)態(tài),從句用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。此句中的who's to say that another person will用的是將來時(shí),故if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。句意:這就是為什么我要使人們的日子變得鮮活起來。如果你不這樣做,你說誰會(huì)這樣做?
8.There is only one more day to go__before__your favorite music group play live.
解析:before意為“在……之前”。句意:離你最喜歡的樂隊(duì)的現(xiàn)場演奏只剩下一天了。
9.If you miss this chance,it may be years __before__ you get another one.
解析:It be+時(shí)間段+before...“要過……才會(huì)……”。句意:如果你錯(cuò)過這次機(jī)會(huì),可能要等很多年才會(huì)再有另一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)。
10.It is so cold that you can't go outside__unless__fully covered in thick clothes.
解析:本題考查狀語從句引導(dǎo)詞及狀語從句的省略。句意:天如此冷以至于你除非完全包裹著厚衣服,否則不能外出。unless除非。unless從句中省略主語you及系動(dòng)詞are。
11. It's a motto that we should never remember the benefit we have offered __nor__ forget the favor received.
解析:句意為:我們應(yīng)當(dāng)永遠(yuǎn)不要記掛我們所給予的好處也不要忘記我們所受的恩惠。這是一則座右銘。nor為表示否定含義的并列詞,never...nor...表示“既不……也不……”。
12.Ask any Chinese which city in China is famous for ice and snow, __and__ the answer is sure to be Harbin.
解析:句意為:(如果)你問任何一個(gè)中國人中國的哪座城市因冰雪而出名,答案一定是哈爾濱。此處為“祈使句+and/or+陳述句”的結(jié)構(gòu),兩個(gè)分句之間為順承關(guān)系,故填and。
13.Stick to what you think is right, __and__ you will gain a surprising happy ending.
解析:句意為:堅(jiān)持你認(rèn)為正確的,你會(huì)擁有一個(gè)幸福的結(jié)局。此處為“祈使句+and/or+陳述句”的結(jié)構(gòu),兩個(gè)分句之間為順承關(guān)系,故填and。
14.—Can I lie about seeing a text message because I was too busy or lazy to respond to it?
—Receiving a text message does not necessarily mean you have to respond. Why waste a perfectly good lie __when__ the truth will serve?
解析:句意為:——當(dāng)我很累或懶得去答復(fù)時(shí),我可以撒謊說沒看過短信嗎?——收到短信并不一定意味著必須回復(fù)。為什么非得濫用一個(gè)精心編造的謊言而不去說實(shí)話呢?對(duì)比分析主從句謂語的動(dòng)作可知是同時(shí)發(fā)生,因此用時(shí)間狀語連詞when表示“當(dāng)……時(shí)候”。
15.Though it has been one year __since__ he came to the city, he knows every street here like the back of his hand.
解析:句意為:盡管他來這座城市僅僅一年,但是他對(duì)這兒的每條街道了如指掌。本題考查固定句型“it has been+時(shí)間段+since...”,表示“自從……已經(jīng)多久了”。
16.—What did he think of the trip to Beijing last month?
—He had such a good time __when__ he visited the Great Wall.
解析:句意為:——他認(rèn)為上個(gè)月的北京之行怎么樣?——當(dāng)他去參觀長城時(shí)玩得很開心。設(shè)空處引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句,表示“當(dāng)……時(shí)候”,故填when。本題容易誤用成“such...that...”結(jié)構(gòu)。
17.Little __as/though__ he knew about classical music, he pretended to be an expert on it.
解析:句意為:盡管他對(duì)古典音樂了解很少,但他假裝對(duì)此是名專家。分析句意及句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知,設(shè)空處所在分句為讓步狀語從句,且否定詞little位于句首,應(yīng)用倒裝結(jié)構(gòu),故填as或though。although也表“盡管”,但其引導(dǎo)的從句要用正常語序,故不填。
18.People in Dali are very friendly and honest to you __whether__ you are a foreigner or just a local.
解析:句意為:大理的人對(duì)你很誠實(shí)而友好,無論你是外地人還是當(dāng)?shù)鼐用。whether...or...表示“無論是……還是……”,引導(dǎo)讓步狀語從句。
19.You can smoke here __if__ you leave a window open to let the smoke out.
解析:句意為:如果你留一扇窗戶使煙散發(fā)出去,你就可以在這里吸煙。根據(jù)句意可知,此處為條件狀語從句,表示“如果”,故填if。
20.(2015·浙江,9改編)Just__as__ a single word can change the meaning of a sentence,a single sentence can change the meaning of a paragraph.
解析:句意為:正如單獨(dú)一個(gè)詞能改變一個(gè)句子的含義一樣,一個(gè)獨(dú)立的句子也能改變一個(gè)段落的含義。just as意為“正如,正像”,符合句意。