Passage 3

　　Questions 31 to 35 are based on the following passage:

　　Increasingly, over the past ten years, people--especially young people--have become aware of the need to change their eating habits, because much of the food they eat, particularly processed food, is not good for the health.Consequently, there has been a growing interest in natural foods.Foods which do not contain chemical additives( 添加劑 ) and which have not been afected by chemical fertilizers, widely used in farming today.

　　Natural foods, for example, are vegetables, fruit and grain which have been grown in soil that is rich in organic(有機(jī)的) matter.In simple terms, this means that the soil has been nourished by unused vegetable matter, which provides it with essential vitamins and minerals.This in itself is a natural process compared with the use of chemicals and fertilizers, the main purpose of which is to increase the amount--but not the quality--of foods grown in commercial farming areas.

　　Natural foods also include animals which have been allowed to feed and move freely in healthy pastures(牧場(chǎng)) .Compare this with what happens in the mass production of poultry: there are farms, for example, where thousands of chickens live crowded together in one building and are fed on food which is little better than rubbish.Chickens kept in this way are not only tasteless as food, they also lay eggs which lack important vitamins.

　　There are other aspects of healthy eating which are now receiving increasing attention from experts on diet.Take, for example, the question of sugar.This is actually a non-essential food! Although a natural alternative, such as honey, can be used to sweeten food if it is necessary, we can in fact do without it.It is not that sugar is harmful in itself. But it does seem to be addictive: the quantity we use has grown steadily over the last two centuries and in Britain today each person consumes an average of 200 pounds a year! Yet all it does is to provide us with energy, in the form of calories.There are no vitamins in it, no minerals and no fiber.

　　It is significant that nowadays fiber is considered to be an important part of a healthy diet.In white bread, for example, the fiber has been removed. But it is present in unrefined flour and of course in vegetables.It is interesting to note that in countries where the national diet contains large quantities of unrefined flour and vegetables, certain diseases are comparatively rare. Hence the emphasis is placed on the eating of whole meal bread and more vegetables by modern experts on "healthy eating".

　　31.People have become more interested in natural foods because (　　).

　　A.they are more health conscious

　　B.they want to taste all kinds of foods

　　C.natural foods are more delicious than processed foods

　　D.they want to return to nature

　　32.Soil that is rich in organic matters (　　).

　　A.has had chemicals and fertilizers added to it

　　B.contains vegetable matter that has not been consumed

　　C.has been nourished by fertilizers

　　D.already contains large quantities of vitamins and minerals

　　33.Chickens raised in poultry farms are all of the following EXCEPT that (　　).

　　A.they are fed on food which is little better than garbage

　　B.they live in very crowded condition C.the eggs they lay lack vitamins

　　D.they are allowed to move about and eat freely

　　34.According to the passage, (　　).

　　A.people need sugar to give them energy

　　B.sugar is bad for the health

　　C.the use of sugar is habit forming

　　D.sugar only sweetens food, but provides us with nothing useful

　　35.The best title for this passage is (　　).

　　A.People's Growing Interest in Natural Foods

　　B.Natural Foods and Healthy Diet

　　C.I-Iarmful Effects of Sugar

　　D.The Importance of Fiber in Foods

　　Passage 4

　　Questions 36 to 40 are based on the following passage:

　　No one knows how man learned to make words.Perhaps he began by making sounds like those made by animals.Perhaps he grunted like a pig when he lifted something heavy.Perhaps he made sounds like those he heard all round him--water splashing, bees humming, a stone falling to the ground.Somehow he learned to make words. As the centuries went by, he made more and more new words. This is what we mean by language.

　　People living in different countries made different kinds of words. Today there are about fifteen hundred different languages in theworld. Each contains many thousands of words. A very large English dictionary, for example, contains four or five hundred thousand words. But we do not need all these. Only a few thousand words are used in everyday life.

　　The words you know are called your vocabulary. You should try to make your vocabulary bigger. Read as many books as you can.There are plenty of books written in easy English for you to read.You will enjoy them.When you meet a new word, find it in your dictionary.Your dictionary is your most useful book.

　　36.From this passage, we know that (　　).

　　A.man never made sounds

　　B.man made animal sounds

　　C.man used to be like animals to make sounds

　　D.man learned from the animals to make sounds

　　37.The number of different languages spoken is about (　　).

　　A. 150

　　B. 1,500

　　C.5,000

　　D.4, 000

　　38.People from different countries (　　).

　　A.made same words

　　B.made different kinds of words

　　C.had a same language

　　D.used some sounds

　　39.Man (　　)to make sounds.

　　A.used words

　　B.followed xnany things in nature

　　C.lifted heavy things

　　D.grunted like a pig

　　40.You can enlarge your vocabulary by (　　).

　　A.reading more books

　　B.finding new words in dictionaries

　　C.writing more

　　D.using the words in everyday life