2018年學(xué)位英語考試完形填空試題及答案（1）

　　Scientists are racing to build the world’s first thinking robot.This is not science fiction：some　say they will have made it by the year 2020. Carol Packer reports.

　　Machines that walk，speak and feel are no longer science fiction.Kismet is the name of an android(機器人)which scientists have built at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT). (31)Kismet is different from the traditional robot because it Can show human emotions.Its eyes，ears and lips move to show when it feels happy, sad or bored.Kismet is one of the first of a new generation of androids——robots that look like human beings——which Can imitate human feelings.(32) Cog，another android invented by the MIT, imitates the action of a mother.However, scientists admit that So far Cog has the mental ability of a two—year—old.

　　(33)The optimists(樂觀主義者)say that by the year 2020 we will have created humanoids(機器人)with brains similar to those of all adult human being.These robots will be designed to look like people to make them more attractive and easier to sell to the public.What kind of jobs will they do? (34)In the future，robots like Robonaut，a humanoid invented by NASA，will be doing dangerous jobs，like repairing space stations.They will also be doing more and mom of the household work for us In Japan，scientists are designing androids that will entertain us by dancing and playing the piano.

　　Some people worry about what the future holds：will robots become monsters(怪物)?Will people themselves become increasingly like robots? Experts predict that more and more people will be wearing micro—computers，connected to the Internet，in the future.People will have micro—chips in various parts of their body，which will connect them to a wide variety of gadgets (小裝置).Perhaps we should not exaggerate(夸大)the importance of technology，but one wonders whether，in years to come，we will still be falling in love，and whether we will still feel pain.Who knows?

　　31. Kismet is different from traditional robots because

　　A. it thinks for itself

　　B. It is not like science fiction

　　C. it can look after two—year-old.

　　D. it seems to have human feelings.

　　解：本題的標(biāo)志詞是Kismet，關(guān)鍵詞組是different from traditional robots，我們在文章第二段的第二句話中找到了試題在文章中的位置，細(xì)細(xì)讀這句話。選項D和這句話的意思是最接近的，因為第二句話中有這樣一句it Can show human emotions，選項中的feelings和文章中的emotions是同義詞替換，這是閱讀理解正確項的一個出題原則。因此是正確答案。

　　32. What makes Cog special?

　　A. It looks like a mother.

　　B. It behaves like a child.

　　C. It can imitate the behavior of a mother.

　　D. It has a huge brain.

　　解：本題的標(biāo)志詞是Cog，接著讀文章，在文中尋找關(guān)于Cog的論述。關(guān)于Cog的論述出現(xiàn)在31題所對應(yīng)的原文的后面，只有兩句話，仔細(xì)讀完這兩句話后，我們發(fā)現(xiàn)選項C和原文是對應(yīng)的，只是文中的單詞action被替換成了他的同義詞behavior，這是學(xué)位英語考試中閱讀理解選項設(shè)置的一個特點，即同義詞替換。

　　33. In about 15 years’ time from now，robots

　　A. will become space designers.

　　B. will look like monsters.

　　C. will behave like animals.

　　D. will think like humans.

　　解：本題的標(biāo)志詞是表示時間的15 years’ time，在讀文章是要注意文章中時間詞出現(xiàn)的地方。

　　我們接著度第三段，讀完以后，我們在文章中沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)15 years’ time。但根據(jù)模糊定位的原則，第三題所對應(yīng)的原文就出現(xiàn)在第二題所對應(yīng)的原文的下面，我們再仔細(xì)讀第三段。在第一句話中，只出現(xiàn)了時間詞2020，題目問的是“從現(xiàn)在起15年以后，機器人會…”，我們一經(jīng)算計，15年以后，那就是2020年了。所以題目是間接的提問，需要經(jīng)過我們的計算。那么這道試題所對應(yīng)的原文就是第三段的前兩句話，讀完后我們發(fā)現(xiàn)選項D. will think like humans.和文章中的句子with brains similar to those of all adult human being.是最接近的，選項D是對文章句子的同義改寫，這又是閱讀理解試題選項設(shè)置的一個原則。

　　34. In the future robots will also

　　A. explore space.

　　B. entertain people.

　　C. move much faster.

　　D. do all of the housework.

　　解：這道試題的標(biāo)志詞是表示時間的詞組In the future。我們接著第三題所對應(yīng)的原文接著往下讀，發(fā)現(xiàn)下面一句話中出現(xiàn)了這個表示時間的詞組，因此我們認(rèn)定正確答案就在這些句子之中。讀完這些句子后我們發(fā)現(xiàn)選項B在這些句子的最后一句話中出現(xiàn)了。選項D是不正確選項，一般說來如果選項中出現(xiàn)比較絕對化的單詞，如選項D中的all，以及every、each、the best等等，這個選項一般說來都是錯誤的，這是閱讀理解錯誤選項設(shè)置的一個原則。

　　35. What is the writer’s attitude to robots in the future?

　　A. Critical (批評的)

　　B. Hostile (敵意的)

　　C. Objective(客觀的)

　　D. Enthusiastic (熱情的，熱心的)

　　解：這道提問的是作者對于將來計算機的態(tài)度。是最后一道試題，根據(jù)模糊定位的原則，我們應(yīng)當(dāng)根據(jù)最后一段來答題，因為文章中就剩下最后一段我們沒有讀�，F(xiàn)在讀一下。從作者的敘述來看，并沒有對將來計算機的利弊做出評價，文章是以一個疑問句結(jié)尾的：who knows? 從這一點看來，作者的態(tài)度是客觀的、中性的。因此選項C是正確答案。