It was not much fun to travel on one of the old sailing ships. Life was hard for both passengers and crew. (78)17th century sailing ships were small and rolled heavily in rough seas, so most of the passengers were seasick.

　　There were no toilets, and the spaces below deck where passengers had to stay during gales were often not more than 5 foot high. Water was scarce and the little water they got was brown and smelt terrible.

　　Food was a problem, too--there was only salted meat, ship' s biscuits and cheese, but the cheese was so hard that sailors often made buttons out of it for their jackets and trousers. There were no vegetables or fruit, so the people on board often fell ill.

　　The sailors, however, were a bit better off than the passengers. They each had a bottle of beer a day, and they needed. The work they had to do was hard and dangerous. (79)Courage was needed, for the heavy sails had to be set and taken down in all kinds of weather, and quite often sailors were swept overboard in a gale. Almost the worst thing about the voyages was the time they took up to 70 days for the journey across the Atlantic. Not surprisingly, everybody was overjoyed when they at last approached land and stepped ashore. But some ships never arrived.

　　第21題 In the 17th century _________

　　A.life on old sailing ships was enjoyable

　　B.people enjoyed sailing old ships in rough seas

　　C.most of the passengers felt comfortable when the ship was rolling

　　D.it was very painful for both passengers and crew during the voyage

　　答案：D

　　第22題 The passengers _________when the ship was heavily rolling.

　　A.slept well B.could drink a lot of water

　　C.had to stay below deck　　D.had a big room of more than 5 foot high

　　答案：C

　　第23題　Which of the following statements is tree about food?

　　A.Passengers had a lot of vegetables, but no fruit.

　　B.The sailors had four tins of beer a day.

　　C.The people on the ship often fell ill because of the lack of food.

　　D.The food for the passengers was more and better than that for the crew.

　　答案：C

　　第24題　The working condition of the sailors was very hard. _________

　　A.They often had to set the sails in bad weather.

　　B.So they had less courage.

　　C.They were happy to be swept overboard in a strong wind.

　　D.A 70-day-journey across the Atlantic was their happiest thing.

　　答案：A

　　第25題　When the people saw the land, _________

　　A.only passengers were glad

　　B.the sailors had to swim ashore

　　C.they were surprised at the news that some ships never arrived

　　D.all of them were excited

　　答案：D

　　Concerning money or anything else, conflicts between husband and wife usually reflect a power struggle. Conflicts between parent and child often center around the same issue. As children enter adolescence, they begin to demand greater freedom to go where they please, do what they please, and make decisions without parental interference. Many American parents do not know how to deal with their teenagers and seek advice from books, lectures, and parent training courses. Parents want to maintain a friendly relationship with their teenagers and also want to guide them so that their behavior will be whatever the parents consider proper and constructive.

　　But in a society of rapidly changing social and moral values, parents and children often disagree about what is important and what is right.

　　Arguments may concern such unimportant matters as styles of dress or hairdos. But quarrels may also concern school work, after school jobs, decisions, use of the family car, dating, and sex behavior. Some families have serious problems with teenagers who drop out of school, runaway from home, or use illegal drugs. Because so much publicity is given to the problem teenager, one gets the impression that all teenagers are troublemakers. Actually, relatively few adolescents do anything wrong, and nearly all grow up into "solid citizens" who fulfill most of their parents' expectations. In fact, recent studies show that the "generation gap" is narrowing. The vast majority of teenagers share most of their parents' values and ideas. Many parents feel that they get along with their adolescents quite well.

　　第26題 According to the writer, conflicts between husband and wife usually reflect

　　A.feeling of hatred

　　B.power struggle

　　C.that they don' t care for each other

　　D.that they may appeal to divorce

　　答案：B

　　第27題 As children enter adolescents, they begin to do the following EXCEPT

　　A.demanding greater freedom to go wherever they please

　　B.making decisions without parental interference

　　C.getting married whenever they please

　　D.doing what they please

　　答案：C

　　第28題　"... generation gap is narrowing. "means

　　A.the adolescents now become timid

　　B.parents come to get along with their children

　　C.the vast majority of teenagers share most of their parents' values and ideas

　　D.parents and teenager don' t like to quarrel

　　答案：C

　　第29題　Parents and children often disagree about what is important or right because

　　A.they have different styles of life

　　B.they hate each other

　　C.parents think that their children are troublemakers

　　D.they are in a society of rapidly changing social and moral values

　　答案：D

　　第30題　When many American parents don' t know how to deal with their children they seek advice from the following EXCEPT

　　A.neighbors B.parent-training courses

　　C.books　　D.lectures

　　答案：A